ID PRKC_BACSU Reviewed; 648 AA. AC O34507; DT 04-APR-2003, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot. DT 01-JAN-1998, sequence version 1. DT 27-MAR-2024, entry version 157. DE RecName: Full=Serine/threonine-protein kinase PrkC; DE Short=Ser/Thr-protein kinase PrkC; DE EC=2.7.11.1; GN Name=prkC; Synonyms=yloP; OrderedLocusNames=BSU15770; OS Bacillus subtilis (strain 168). OC Bacteria; Bacillota; Bacilli; Bacillales; Bacillaceae; Bacillus. OX NCBI_TaxID=224308; RN [1] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. RC STRAIN=168; RA Foulger D., Errington J.; RT "DNA sequence of a 28 Kbp seqment of DNA from the spoVM region of Bacillus RT subtilis."; RL Submitted (AUG-1997) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. RN [2] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. RC STRAIN=168; RX PubMed=9384377; DOI=10.1038/36786; RA Kunst F., Ogasawara N., Moszer I., Albertini A.M., Alloni G., Azevedo V., RA Bertero M.G., Bessieres P., Bolotin A., Borchert S., Borriss R., RA Boursier L., Brans A., Braun M., Brignell S.C., Bron S., Brouillet S., RA Bruschi C.V., Caldwell B., Capuano V., Carter N.M., Choi S.-K., RA Codani J.-J., Connerton I.F., Cummings N.J., Daniel R.A., Denizot F., RA Devine K.M., Duesterhoeft A., Ehrlich S.D., Emmerson P.T., Entian K.-D., RA Errington J., Fabret C., Ferrari E., Foulger D., Fritz C., Fujita M., RA Fujita Y., Fuma S., Galizzi A., Galleron N., Ghim S.-Y., Glaser P., RA Goffeau A., Golightly E.J., Grandi G., Guiseppi G., Guy B.J., Haga K., RA Haiech J., Harwood C.R., Henaut A., Hilbert H., Holsappel S., Hosono S., RA Hullo M.-F., Itaya M., Jones L.-M., Joris B., Karamata D., Kasahara Y., RA Klaerr-Blanchard M., Klein C., Kobayashi Y., Koetter P., Koningstein G., RA Krogh S., Kumano M., Kurita K., Lapidus A., Lardinois S., Lauber J., RA Lazarevic V., Lee S.-M., Levine A., Liu H., Masuda S., Mauel C., RA Medigue C., Medina N., Mellado R.P., Mizuno M., Moestl D., Nakai S., RA Noback M., Noone D., O'Reilly M., Ogawa K., Ogiwara A., Oudega B., RA Park S.-H., Parro V., Pohl T.M., Portetelle D., Porwollik S., RA Prescott A.M., Presecan E., Pujic P., Purnelle B., Rapoport G., Rey M., RA Reynolds S., Rieger M., Rivolta C., Rocha E., Roche B., Rose M., Sadaie Y., RA Sato T., Scanlan E., Schleich S., Schroeter R., Scoffone F., Sekiguchi J., RA Sekowska A., Seror S.J., Serror P., Shin B.-S., Soldo B., Sorokin A., RA Tacconi E., Takagi T., Takahashi H., Takemaru K., Takeuchi M., RA Tamakoshi A., Tanaka T., Terpstra P., Tognoni A., Tosato V., Uchiyama S., RA Vandenbol M., Vannier F., Vassarotti A., Viari A., Wambutt R., Wedler E., RA Wedler H., Weitzenegger T., Winters P., Wipat A., Yamamoto H., Yamane K., RA Yasumoto K., Yata K., Yoshida K., Yoshikawa H.-F., Zumstein E., RA Yoshikawa H., Danchin A.; RT "The complete genome sequence of the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus RT subtilis."; RL Nature 390:249-256(1997). RN [3] RP FUNCTION. RC STRAIN=168 / Marburg / ATCC 6051 / DSM 10 / JCM 1465 / NBRC 13719 / RC NCIMB 3610 / NRRL NRS-744 / VKM B-501; RX PubMed=12399479; DOI=10.1128/jb.184.22.6109-6114.2002; RA Gaidenko T.A., Kim T.-J., Price C.W.; RT "The PrpC serine-threonine phosphatase and PrkC kinase have opposing RT physiological roles in stationary-phase Bacillus subtilis cells."; RL J. Bacteriol. 184:6109-6114(2002). RN [4] RP FUNCTION, SUBUNIT, DOMAIN, PHOSPHORYLATION, AND MUTAGENESIS OF LYS-40. RC STRAIN=168; RX PubMed=12406230; DOI=10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.03178.x; RA Madec E., Laszkiewicz A., Iwanicki A., Obuchowski M., Seror S.; RT "Characterization of a membrane-linked Ser/Thr protein kinase in Bacillus RT subtilis, implicated in developmental processes."; RL Mol. Microbiol. 46:571-586(2002). RN [5] RP PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-162; THR-163; THR-165; THR-167; SER-214; THR-290; RP THR-313 AND THR-320, MUTAGENESIS OF THR-162; THR-163; THR-165; THR-167; RP SER-214; THR-290; THR-313 AND THR-320, AND IDENTIFICATION BY MASS RP SPECTROMETRY. RX PubMed=12842463; DOI=10.1016/s0022-2836(03)00579-5; RA Madec E., Stensballe A., Kjellstrom S., Cladiere L., Obuchowski M., RA Jensen O.N., Seror S.J.; RT "Mass spectrometry and site-directed mutagenesis identify several RT autophosphorylated residues required for the activity of PrkC, a Ser/Thr RT kinase from Bacillus subtilis."; RL J. Mol. Biol. 330:459-472(2003). RN [6] RP PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT THR-290, AND IDENTIFICATION BY RP MASS SPECTROMETRY. RC STRAIN=168; RX PubMed=17218307; DOI=10.1074/mcp.m600464-mcp200; RA Macek B., Mijakovic I., Olsen J.V., Gnad F., Kumar C., Jensen P.R., RA Mann M.; RT "The serine/threonine/tyrosine phosphoproteome of the model bacterium RT Bacillus subtilis."; RL Mol. Cell. Proteomics 6:697-707(2007). RN [7] RP FUNCTION IN PEPTIDOGLYCAN-DEPENDENT GERMINATION, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE, RP PEPTIDOGLYCAN-BINDING, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, AND MUTAGENESIS OF LYS-40. RC STRAIN=168 / PY79; RX PubMed=18984160; DOI=10.1016/j.cell.2008.08.039; RA Shah I.M., Laaberki M.H., Popham D.L., Dworkin J.; RT "A eukaryotic-like Ser/Thr kinase signals bacteria to exit dormancy in RT response to peptidoglycan fragments."; RL Cell 135:486-496(2008). RN [8] RP 3D-STRUCTURE MODELING OF 6-269 IN COMPLEX WITH ATP ANALOGS. RX DOI=10.1002/qsar.200730081; RA Gruszczyski P., Kamierkiewicz R., Obuchowski M., Lammek B.; RT "Theoretical modeling of PrkCc, serine-threonine protein kinase RT intracellular domain, complexed with ATP derivatives."; RL QSAR Comb. Sci. 27:437-444(2008). RN [9] RP FUNCTION, SUBSTRATE SPECIFICITY, ACTIVITY REGULATION, AND MUTAGENESIS OF RP LYS-40. RC STRAIN=168; RX PubMed=19246764; DOI=10.1099/mic.0.022475-0; RA Absalon C., Obuchowski M., Madec E., Delattre D., Holland I.B., Seror S.J.; RT "CpgA, EF-Tu and the stressosome protein YezB are substrates of the Ser/Thr RT kinase/phosphatase couple, PrkC/PrpC, in Bacillus subtilis."; RL Microbiology 155:932-943(2009). RN [10] RP 3D-STRUCTURE MODELING OF CATALYTIC DOMAIN. RX PubMed=20563625; DOI=10.1007/s10822-010-9370-4; RA Gruszczynski P., Obuchowski M., Kazmierkiewicz R.; RT "Phosphorylation and ATP-binding induced conformational changes in the RT PrkC, Ser/Thr kinase from B. subtilis."; RL J. Comput. Aided Mol. Des. 24:733-747(2010). CC -!- FUNCTION: Protein kinase that is responsible for triggering spore CC germination in response to muropeptides, signaling bacteria to exit CC dormancy. PrkC is thus a germination receptor that binds peptidoglycan CC fragments containing m-Dpm (meso-diaminopimelate), which act as spore CC germinants. Autophosphorylates and phosphorylates EF-G (elongation CC factor G, fusA); the latter modification is likely necessary for CC germination in response to peptidoglycan (PubMed:12399479). Another CC group did not detect phosphorylation of EF-G (PubMed:19246764). PrkC is CC a substrate in vitro of the cotranscribed phosphatase PrpC, which CC suggests that they form a functional couple in vivo. Might also be CC involved in sporulation and biofilm formation. Does not seem to be CC involved in stress response. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12399479, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:12406230, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18984160, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:19246764}. CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: CC Reaction=ATP + L-seryl-[protein] = ADP + H(+) + O-phospho-L-seryl- CC [protein]; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:17989, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:9863, Rhea:RHEA- CC COMP:11604, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:29999, ChEBI:CHEBI:30616, CC ChEBI:CHEBI:83421, ChEBI:CHEBI:456216; EC=2.7.11.1; CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: CC Reaction=ATP + L-threonyl-[protein] = ADP + H(+) + O-phospho-L- CC threonyl-[protein]; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:46608, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11060, CC Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11605, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:30013, CC ChEBI:CHEBI:30616, ChEBI:CHEBI:61977, ChEBI:CHEBI:456216; CC EC=2.7.11.1; CC -!- ACTIVITY REGULATION: Bryostatin activates PrkC activity and induces CC germination, whereas staurosporine inhibits PrkC and significantly CC reduced peptidoglycan-dependent germination. Kinase activity of CC isolated N-terminus stimulated by poly-L-lysine or myelin basic protein CC (PubMed:19246764). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19246764}. CC -!- SUBUNIT: Homodimer. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12406230}. CC -!- INTERACTION: CC O34507; P37562: yabT; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-6667154, EBI-9303331; CC O34507; O31435: ybdM; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-6667154, EBI-5255200; CC O34507; P96716: ywqD; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-6667154, EBI-9302929; CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Spore membrane {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18984160}; CC Single-pass type II membrane protein {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18984160}. CC Note=Is associated with the inner membrane of the spore. CC -!- DOMAIN: The cytoplasmic domain has Ser/Thr kinase activity CC (PubMed:12406230). The C-terminal extracellular domain containing the CC PASTA repeats binds peptidoglycan. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12406230}. CC -!- PTM: Autophosphorylation on threonine residue(s) and serine residue CC considerably increases the kinase activity of the protein. CC Dephosphorylated in vitro by PrpC. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12406230, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:12842463, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17218307}. CC -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Spores lacking this gene fail to germinate in the CC presence of peptidoglycan fragments or purified GlcNAc-MurNAc CC tripeptides and tetrapeptides. They still respond to the nutrient CC germinant L-alanine and to the chemical germinant Ca(2+)-dipicolinic CC acid, indicating that the spores are still capable of germinating and CC that PrkC is not involved in nutrient or chemical germination. CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18984160}. CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: PubMed:18984160 shows that peptidoglycan fragments serve CC as a novel mechanism of interspecies bacterial signaling that likely CC indicates the presence of growing bacteria and thus serve as a signal CC for dormant cells that growth-promoting conditions exist. CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein CC kinase family. {ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00159}. CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CC Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms CC Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- DR EMBL; Y13937; CAA74267.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; AL009126; CAB13450.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR PIR; H69878; H69878. DR RefSeq; NP_389459.1; NC_000964.3. DR RefSeq; WP_003232062.1; NZ_JNCM01000035.1. DR AlphaFoldDB; O34507; -. DR SMR; O34507; -. DR IntAct; O34507; 8. DR STRING; 224308.BSU15770; -. DR iPTMnet; O34507; -. DR jPOST; O34507; -. DR PaxDb; 224308-BSU15770; -. DR EnsemblBacteria; CAB13450; CAB13450; BSU_15770. DR GeneID; 936132; -. DR KEGG; bsu:BSU15770; -. DR PATRIC; fig|224308.179.peg.1717; -. DR eggNOG; COG0515; Bacteria. DR eggNOG; COG2815; Bacteria. DR InParanoid; O34507; -. DR OrthoDB; 9788659at2; -. DR PhylomeDB; O34507; -. DR BioCyc; BSUB:BSU15770-MONOMER; -. DR Proteomes; UP000001570; Chromosome. DR GO; GO:0005886; C:plasma membrane; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0005524; F:ATP binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. DR GO; GO:0042834; F:peptidoglycan binding; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0106310; F:protein serine kinase activity; IEA:RHEA. DR GO; GO:0004674; F:protein serine/threonine kinase activity; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0071224; P:cellular response to peptidoglycan; IMP:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0006468; P:protein phosphorylation; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0007165; P:signal transduction; IMP:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0009847; P:spore germination; IMP:UniProtKB. DR CDD; cd06577; PASTA_pknB; 3. DR CDD; cd14014; STKc_PknB_like; 1. DR Gene3D; 2.60.40.2560; -; 1. DR Gene3D; 3.30.10.20; -; 3. DR Gene3D; 1.10.510.10; Transferase(Phosphotransferase) domain 1; 1. DR InterPro; IPR011009; Kinase-like_dom_sf. DR InterPro; IPR005543; PASTA_dom. DR InterPro; IPR000719; Prot_kinase_dom. DR InterPro; IPR017441; Protein_kinase_ATP_BS. DR InterPro; IPR008271; Ser/Thr_kinase_AS. DR NCBIfam; NF033483; PknB_PASTA_kin; 1. DR PANTHER; PTHR43289; MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASE KINASE 20-RELATED; 1. DR PANTHER; PTHR43289:SF37; SERINE_THREONINE-PROTEIN KINASE A; 1. DR Pfam; PF03793; PASTA; 3. DR Pfam; PF00069; Pkinase; 1. DR Pfam; PF21160; PrkC-like_PASTA-like; 1. DR SMART; SM00740; PASTA; 3. DR SMART; SM00220; S_TKc; 1. DR SUPFAM; SSF56112; Protein kinase-like (PK-like); 1. DR PROSITE; PS51178; PASTA; 3. DR PROSITE; PS00107; PROTEIN_KINASE_ATP; 1. DR PROSITE; PS50011; PROTEIN_KINASE_DOM; 1. DR PROSITE; PS00108; PROTEIN_KINASE_ST; 1. PE 1: Evidence at protein level; KW ATP-binding; Germination; Kinase; Membrane; Nucleotide-binding; KW Phosphoprotein; Reference proteome; Repeat; KW Serine/threonine-protein kinase; Signal-anchor; Transferase; Transmembrane; KW Transmembrane helix. FT CHAIN 1..648 FT /note="Serine/threonine-protein kinase PrkC" FT /id="PRO_0000171183" FT TOPO_DOM 1..330 FT /note="Cytoplasmic" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" FT TRANSMEM 331..351 FT /note="Helical" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT TOPO_DOM 352..648 FT /note="Extracellular" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" FT DOMAIN 11..271 FT /note="Protein kinase" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00159, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:12406230" FT DOMAIN 356..424 FT /note="PASTA 1" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00528" FT DOMAIN 425..492 FT /note="PASTA 2" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00528" FT DOMAIN 493..559 FT /note="PASTA 3" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00528" FT ACT_SITE 134 FT /note="Proton acceptor" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00159, FT ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU10027" FT BINDING 17..25 FT /ligand="ATP" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:30616" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" FT BINDING 40 FT /ligand="ATP" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:30616" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00159" FT SITE 40 FT /note="Required for activity" FT MOD_RES 162 FT /note="Phosphothreonine; by autocatalysis" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:12842463" FT MOD_RES 163 FT /note="Phosphothreonine; by autocatalysis" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:12842463" FT MOD_RES 165 FT /note="Phosphothreonine; by autocatalysis" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:12842463" FT MOD_RES 167 FT /note="Phosphothreonine; by autocatalysis" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:12842463" FT MOD_RES 214 FT /note="Phosphoserine; by autocatalysis" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:12842463" FT MOD_RES 290 FT /note="Phosphothreonine; by autocatalysis" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:12842463, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:17218307" FT MOD_RES 313 FT /note="Phosphothreonine; by autocatalysis" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:12842463" FT MOD_RES 320 FT /note="Phosphothreonine; by autocatalysis" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:12842463" FT MUTAGEN 40 FT /note="K->A: Does not support germination in response to FT peptidoglycan." FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:12406230, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:18984160" FT MUTAGEN 40 FT /note="K->R: Abolishes autophosphorylation and decreases FT spore production and biofilm formation. No phosphorylation FT of YezB." FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:12406230, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:18984160, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19246764" FT MUTAGEN 162 FT /note="T->A: 4-fold reduction in activity. Abolished FT activity; when associated with A-163; A-165 and A-167." FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:12842463" FT MUTAGEN 163 FT /note="T->A: 4-fold reduction in activity. Abolished FT activity; when associated with A-162; A-165 and A-167." FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:12842463" FT MUTAGEN 165 FT /note="T->A: 4-fold reduction in activity. Abolished FT activity; when associated with A-162; A-163 and A-167." FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:12842463" FT MUTAGEN 167 FT /note="T->A: 4-fold reduction in activity. Abolished FT activity; when associated with A-162; A-163 and A-165." FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:12842463" FT MUTAGEN 214 FT /note="S->A: 4-fold reduction in activity." FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:12842463" FT MUTAGEN 290 FT /note="T->A: Slightly reduced activity." FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:12842463" FT MUTAGEN 313 FT /note="T->A: Unchanged activity." FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:12842463" FT MUTAGEN 320 FT /note="T->A: 2-fold reduction in activity." FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:12842463" SQ SEQUENCE 648 AA; 71866 MW; 9653AB5CFBAA7900 CRC64; MLIGKRISGR YQILRVIGGG GMANVYLAED IILDREVAIK ILRFDYANDN EFIRRFRREA QSASSLDHPN IVSIYDLGEE DDIYYIVMEY VEGMTLKEYI TANGPLHPKE ALNIMEQIVS AIAHAHQNQI VHRDIKPHNI LIDHMGNIKV TDFGIATALS STTITHTNSV LGSVHYLSPE QARGGLATKK SDIYALGIVL FELLTGRIPF DGESAVSIAL KHLQAETPSA KRWNPSVPQS VENIILKATA KDPFHRYETA EDMEADIKTA FDADRLNEKR FTIQEDEEMT KAIPIIKDEE LAKAAGEKEA EVTTAQENKT KKNGKRKKWP WVLLTICLVF ITAGILAVTV FPSLFMPKDV KIPDVSGMEY EKAAGLLEKE GLQVDSEVLE ISDEKIEEGL MVKTDPKADT TVKEGATVTL YKSTGKAKTE IGDVTGQTVD QAKKALKDQG FNHVTVNEVN DEKNAGTVID QNPSAGTELV PSEDQVKLTV SIGPEDITLR DLKTYSKEAA SGYLEDNGLK LVEKEAYSDD VPEGQVVKQK PAAGTAVKPG NEVEVTFSLG PEKKPAKTVK EKVKIPYEPE NEGDELQVQI AVDDADHSIS DTYEEFKIKE PTERTIELKI EPGQKGYYQV MVNNKVVSYK TIEYPKDE //