Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot O18412 (FZO_DROME)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Transmembrane GTPase fzo
    EC=3.6.5.-
Alternative name(s):
    Protein fuzzy onions

Gene names

Name:	fzo
ORF Names:	CG4568

Organism

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) [Complete proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

7227 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Arthropoda › Hexapoda › Insecta › Pterygota › Neoptera › Endopterygota › Diptera › Brachycera › Muscomorpha › Ephydroidea › Drosophilidae › Drosophila › Sophophora

Protein attributes

Sequence length	718 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is not processed.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Essential transmembrane GTPase, which mediates mitochondrial fusion during spermatogenesis. In early spermatocytes, fusion of mitochondria give rise to two organelles named Nebenkern and constitutes an important step in mitochondria morphology, which is balanced between fusion and fission. Essential for fertility. Ref.1
Catalytic activity	GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate.
Subcellular location	Mitochondrion outer membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Ref.1
Tissue specificity	Specifically expressed in male germ cells, in spermatocytes and early spermatids. Not expressed in other tissues. Ref.1 Ref.5
Developmental stage	Associated with mitochondria in spermatids during a narrow developmental window. Mitochondria align on the spindle equator throughout meiotic divisions, but it is not expressed on mitochondria until the last of meiosis II. In postmeiotic haploid spermatids, it is associated with aggregating mitochondria and highly expressed on onion stage Nebenkerns. Expressed at lower levels associated with early elongation stage mitochondrial derivatives. Not detected on more elongated mitochondria.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the mitofusin family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Differentiation Spermatogenesis
Cellular component	Membrane Mitochondrion Mitochondrion outer membrane
Domain	Coiled coil Transmembrane
Ligand	GTP-binding Nucleotide-binding
Molecular function	Developmental protein Hydrolase
Technical term	Complete proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	Nebenkern formation Ref.1 Inferred from mutant phenotype. Source: FlyBase multicellular organismal development Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular component	integral to membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW mitochondrial outer membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Molecular function	GTP binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW GTPase activity Ref.1 Inferred from mutant phenotype. Source: UniProtKB protein binding Inferred from physical interaction. Source: IntAct
Complete GO annotation...

Binary interactions

With	Entry	#Exp.	IntAct	Notes
	Q9VFS8	1	EBI-179291,EBI-166054

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 718	718	Transmembrane GTPase fzo		PRO_0000127680
Regions
	Topological domain	1 – 575	575	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Transmembrane	576 – 588	13	1 Potential
	Topological domain	589 – 591	3	Mitochondrial intermembrane Potential
	Transmembrane	592 – 614	23	2 Potential
	Topological domain	615 – 718	104	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Nucleotide binding	93 – 100	8	GTP Potential
	Nucleotide binding	189 – 193	5	GTP Potential
	Nucleotide binding	248 – 251	4	GTP Potential
	Coiled coil	366 – 402	37	Potential
	Coiled coil	664 – 687	24	Potential
Experimental info
	Mutagenesis	99	1	K → T: Induces male infertility. Ref.1
	Mutagenesis	249	1	R → L: Induces male infertility. Ref.1

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	O18412-1 [UniParc]. Last modified November 1, 1998. Version 2. Checksum: 152CF237AFB333BD	FASTA	718	81,565
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MAESDSGEST SSVSSFISSS SSSRLSEFVD AKTELQDIYH DLSNYLSNFL TILEETVLLK 70 80 90 100 110 120 DRQMLEHLCA FSSRVEAIAK VLSRDRMKVA FFGRTSNGKS AVINALLHEK ILPSAMGHTT 130 140 150 160 170 180 SCFCQVQANG SNETEHVKVE QEDEHMELSA LSQLASAHSP GALKPSTLLQ VNMAKNRCSI 190 200 210 220 230 240 LDYDVVLMDT PGVDVTAQLD DCLDSYCMDA DVFILVLNAE STVSRVERQF FKDVASKLSR 250 260 270 280 290 300 PNLFILNNRW DKASSLEPEM EQKVKDQHME RCVNLLVDEL GVYSTAQEAW ERIYHVSALE 310 320 330 340 350 360 ALHIRNGQIT NPSGQTQQRY QEFLRFENDF SNCLAVSALK TKFGPHLLSA QKILNQLKST 370 380 390 400 410 420 LICPFIEKVS RLIDENKERR ANLNAEIEDW LILMQEDREA LQYCFEELTE MTQRVGRCVL 430 440 450 460 470 480 NDQIKTLIPS SVLSFSQPFH PEFPAQIGQY QRSLCAHLDK LLEDRVLQCL SIPLQRKILD 490 500 510 520 530 540 IEKEIGLPIA ENSCDWQLIY GLDCQSYMSD FQPDLRFRFS LGFTALWHRL EGNLPLHASP 550 560 570 580 590 600 FRIQKLQNGH KKCSPLPPLV NGNHWQMLES LVKSKGSLGT VLLSAMAIRS FNWPIVLILG 610 620 630 640 650 660 GLVGSFYIYE YAAWTTAAQE RSFKSQYARL LQQRLRSDVQ QTVSGFELQL RQHLATVRNC 670 680 690 700 710 WEAQSNETLN DLNVRTAELT KQIQSMEVLQ LSLKKFRDKG QLLASRLGDF QETYLTKS

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Developmentally regulated mitochondrial fusion mediated by a conserved, novel, predicted GTPase." Hales K.G., Fuller M.T. Cell 90:121-129(1997) [PubMed: 9230308] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, MUTAGENESIS OF LYS-99 AND ARG-249. Tissue: Testis.
[2]	"The genome sequence of Drosophila melanogaster." Adams M.D., Celniker S.E., Holt R.A., Evans C.A., Gocayne J.D., Amanatides P.G., Scherer S.E., Li P.W., Hoskins R.A., Galle R.F., George R.A., Lewis S.E., Richards S., Ashburner M., Henderson S.N., Sutton G.G., Wortman J.R., Yandell M.D. , Zhang Q., Chen L.X., Brandon R.C., Rogers Y.-H.C., Blazej R.G., Champe M., Pfeiffer B.D., Wan K.H., Doyle C., Baxter E.G., Helt G., Nelson C.R., Miklos G.L.G., Abril J.F., Agbayani A., An H.-J., Andrews-Pfannkoch C., Baldwin D., Ballew R.M., Basu A., Baxendale J., Bayraktaroglu L., Beasley E.M., Beeson K.Y., Benos P.V., Berman B.P., Bhandari D., Bolshakov S., Borkova D., Botchan M.R., Bouck J., Brokstein P., Brottier P., Burtis K.C., Busam D.A., Butler H., Cadieu E., Center A., Chandra I., Cherry J.M., Cawley S., Dahlke C., Davenport L.B., Davies P., de Pablos B., Delcher A., Deng Z., Mays A.D., Dew I., Dietz S.M., Dodson K., Doup L.E., Downes M., Dugan-Rocha S., Dunkov B.C., Dunn P., Durbin K.J., Evangelista C.C., Ferraz C., Ferriera S., Fleischmann W., Fosler C., Gabrielian A.E., Garg N.S., Gelbart W.M., Glasser K., Glodek A., Gong F., Gorrell J.H., Gu Z., Guan P., Harris M., Harris N.L., Harvey D.A., Heiman T.J., Hernandez J.R., Houck J., Hostin D., Houston K.A., Howland T.J., Wei M.-H., Ibegwam C., Jalali M., Kalush F., Karpen G.H., Ke Z., Kennison J.A., Ketchum K.A., Kimmel B.E., Kodira C.D., Kraft C.L., Kravitz S., Kulp D., Lai Z., Lasko P., Lei Y., Levitsky A.A., Li J.H., Li Z., Liang Y., Lin X., Liu X., Mattei B., McIntosh T.C., McLeod M.P., McPherson D., Merkulov G., Milshina N.V., Mobarry C., Morris J., Moshrefi A., Mount S.M., Moy M., Murphy B., Murphy L., Muzny D.M., Nelson D.L., Nelson D.R., Nelson K.A., Nixon K., Nusskern D.R., Pacleb J.M., Palazzolo M., Pittman G.S., Pan S., Pollard J., Puri V., Reese M.G., Reinert K., Remington K., Saunders R.D.C., Scheeler F., Shen H., Shue B.C., Siden-Kiamos I., Simpson M., Skupski M.P., Smith T.J., Spier E., Spradling A.C., Stapleton M., Strong R., Sun E., Svirskas R., Tector C., Turner R., Venter E., Wang A.H., Wang X., Wang Z.-Y., Wassarman D.A., Weinstock G.M., Weissenbach J., Williams S.M., Woodage T., Worley K.C., Wu D., Yang S., Yao Q.A., Ye J., Yeh R.-F., Zaveri J.S., Zhan M., Zhang G., Zhao Q., Zheng L., Zheng X.H., Zhong F.N., Zhong W., Zhou X., Zhu S.C., Zhu X., Smith H.O., Gibbs R.A., Myers E.W., Rubin G.M., Venter J.C. Science 287:2185-2195(2000) [PubMed: 10731132] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: Berkeley.
[3]	"Annotation of the Drosophila melanogaster euchromatic genome: a systematic review." Misra S., Crosby M.A., Mungall C.J., Matthews B.B., Campbell K.S., Hradecky P., Huang Y., Kaminker J.S., Millburn G.H., Prochnik S.E., Smith C.D., Tupy J.L., Whitfield E.J., Bayraktaroglu L., Berman B.P., Bettencourt B.R., Celniker S.E., de Grey A.D.N.J. , Drysdale R.A., Harris N.L., Richter J., Russo S., Schroeder A.J., Shu S.Q., Stapleton M., Yamada C., Ashburner M., Gelbart W.M., Rubin G.M., Lewis S.E. Genome Biol. 3:RESEARCH0083.1-RESEARCH0083.22(2002) [PubMed: 12537572] [Abstract] Cited for: GENOME REANNOTATION.
[4]	Stapleton M., Carlson J.W., Chavez C., Frise E., George R.A., Pacleb J.M., Park S., Wan K.H., Yu C., Celniker S.E. Submitted (MAY-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Strain: Berkeley.
[5]	"Differential expression of the Drosophila mitofusin genes fuzzy onions (fzo) and dmfn." Hwa J.J., Hiller M.A., Fuller M.T., Santel A. Mech. Dev. 116:213-216(2002) [PubMed: 12128227] [Abstract] Cited for: TISSUE SPECIFICITY.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	U95821 mRNA. Translation: AAC24457.1. AE014297 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAF56110.2. BT023200 mRNA. Translation: AAY55616.1. BT023220 mRNA. Translation: AAY55636.1. BT023232 mRNA. Translation: AAY55648.1.
RefSeq	NP_732840.1.
UniGene	Dm.33413
3D structure databases
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
IntAct	O18412. 15 interactions.
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	FBgn0011596. Drosophila melanogaster. [Contig view]
GeneID	42745.
KEGG	dme:Dmel_CG4568.
NMPDR	fig|7227.3.peg.14203.
Organism-specific databases
FlyBase	FBgn0011596. fzo.
Phylogenomic databases
HOGENOM	O18412.
OMA	O18412. ILPSAMG.
Enzyme and pathway databases
BioCyc	DMEL-XXX-02:DMEL-XXX-02-012954-MON.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	O18412.
GermOnline	CG4568. Drosophila melanogaster.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR001401. Dynamin_GTPase. IPR006884. Fzo_mitofusin. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF00350. Dynamin_N. 1 hit. PF04799. Fzo_mitofusin. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other Resources
NextBio	830352.

Entry information

Entry name

FZO_DROME

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: O18412
Secondary accession number(s): Q4V3Y6, Q9VCP7

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	May 24, 2004
Last sequence update:	November 1, 1998
Last modified:	June 16, 2009
This is version 61 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

Drosophila annotation project