O15697 (GAS8_TRYBR) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names	Recommended name: Trypanin Alternative name(s): T lymphocyte-triggering factor Short name=TLTF
Organism	Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense
Taxonomic identifier	31286 [NCBI]
Taxonomic lineage	cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Euglenozoa › Kinetoplastida › Trypanosomatidae › Trypanosoma › Trypanozoon › Trypanosoma brucei

Protein attributes

Sequence length	453 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at transcript level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Cytoskeletal linker that plays a central role in the flagellum cell motility. Required for directional cell motility. Plays a role as part of a dynein regulatory system that regulates flagellar beat in response to signals from the central pair apparatus and radial spokes in procyclic cells. Plays also an essential role in the bloodstream form of the trypanosomes as its silencing is lethal for the circulating form. Ref.3 Ref.4 Ref.5
Subcellular location	Cytoplasm. Cytoplasm › cytoskeleton. Cell projection › cilium › flagellum. Note: Associated with the cytoskeleton. Localized to the site of attachment of the flagellum to the subpellicular cytoskeleton. Also localized in the flagellum of the bloodstream form trypanosomes. Ref.2 Ref.3 Ref.5
Miscellaneous	Procyclic parasite mutants lacking trypanin exhibit a motility defect indicative of abnormal dynein regulation, but have an actively beating flagellum and are able to spin and tumble in place. However, bloodstream form mutants lacking trypanin exhibit a severe growth defect and are not viable. They revealed a failure of cytokinesis.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the GAS8 family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Cell projection Cilium Cytoplasm Cytoskeleton Flagellum Microtubule
Domain	Coiled coil
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	cell motility Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Cellular_component	cilium Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW cytoplasm Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell microtubule Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 453	453	Trypanin		PRO_0000220379
Regions
	Coiled coil	60 – 156	97	Potential
	Coiled coil	185 – 377	193	Potential

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	O15697 [UniParc]. Last modified January 1, 1998. Version 1. Checksum: 842A5E2AAA384215	FASTA	453	53,954
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MPPRTAAERG GRRKSVKAPP PVDPLVELTT LESVHDALAK AERLRNYFQV ERDKVNDFWT 70 80 90 100 110 120 ITKGEVETYR NRLFNAEASI EELERSHQVE MKVYKQRVRH LIYERKKKAQ ACQDESDRLL 130 140 150 160 170 180 REAEDRHLQR MNEIQAKLQQ QDQQLRAAAA DHEMNVYEKR DSHSYMVTVT KTQSHEKELA 190 200 210 220 230 240 RLQVSCEAKL KVLRDELELR RRAEIHEIEE RKNEHINALI KQHEEKFHEM KTYYNQITTN 250 260 270 280 290 300 NLEIIHSLKE EIAQMKQNDE HNETLMYDID RENQNLVAPL EEAQREVAEL QQKRKQNEQN 310 320 330 340 350 360 KRGLEVTRVK LRSLREEIRR QREEHQALEE RYACVHRERE ELKGKFESAL RQAVMVVEER 370 380 390 400 410 420 NEVLQQKLIE SHALVEERDV QLEGVLRAMN LEPKTLELIA TEVDEWLQRK NQLIKDLHFE 430 440 450 LKKGEKLYSA TLLEMERRCQ TANIASLPRS NFE

References

[1]	"The gene for a T lymphocyte triggering factor from African trypanosomes." Vaidya T., Bakhiet M., Hill K.L., Olsson T., Kristensson K., Donelson J.E. J. Exp. Med. 186:433-438(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[2]	"T lymphocyte-triggering factor of African trypanosomes is associated with the flagellar fraction of the cytoskeleton and represents a new family of proteins that are present in several divergent eukaryotes." Hill K.L., Hutchings N.R., Grandgenett P.M., Donelson J.E. J. Biol. Chem. 275:39369-39378(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
[3]	"Trypanin is a cytoskeletal linker protein and is required for cell motility in African trypanosomes." Hutchings N.R., Donelson J.E., Hill K.L. J. Cell Biol. 156:867-877(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
[4]	"Flagellar motility contributes to cytokinesis in Trypanosoma brucei and is modulated by an evolutionarily conserved dynein regulatory system." Ralston K.S., Lerner A.G., Diener D.R., Hill K.L. Eukaryot. Cell 5:696-711(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION.
[5]	"Trypanin, a component of the flagellar dynein regulatory complex, is essential in bloodstream form African trypanosomes." Ralston K.S., Hill K.L. PLoS Pathog. 2:873-882(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	AF012853 mRNA. Translation: AAB81499.1.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	O15697.
ModBase	Search...
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Organism-specific databases
EuPathDB	TriTrypDB:Tb427.10.6350. TriTrypDB:Tb927.10.6350.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR025593. GAS8. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF13851. GAS. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

GAS8_TRYBR

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: O15697

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	July 19, 2003
Last sequence update:	January 1, 1998
Last modified:	April 3, 2013
This is version 41 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)