O14610 (GBGT2_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2

Alternative name(s):
G gamma-C
G-gamma-8
G-gamma-9
Guanine nucleotide binding protein gamma transducing activity polypeptide 2

Gene names

Name:	GNGT2
Synonyms:	GNG8, GNG9, GNGT8

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Simiiformes › Catarrhini › Hominoidea › Hominidae › Homininae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	69 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at transcript level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction.
Subunit structure	G proteins are composed of 3 units, alpha, beta and gamma.
Subcellular location	Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor; Cytoplasmic side Potential.
Tissue specificity	Retinal cones.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the G protein gamma family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Cell membrane Membrane
Coding sequence diversity	Polymorphism
Molecular function	Transducer
PTM	Lipoprotein Methylation Prenylation
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway Non-traceable author statement Ref.1. Source: UniProtKB phototransduction Non-traceable author statement Ref.1. Source: UniProtKB synaptic transmission Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome
Cellular_component	extracellular region Non-traceable author statement. Source: UniProtKB heterotrimeric G-protein complex Non-traceable author statement Ref.1. Source: UniProtKB
Molecular_function	GTPase activity Non-traceable author statement Ref.1. Source: UniProtKB signal transducer activity Non-traceable author statement Ref.1. Source: UniProtKB
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 66	66	Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2		PRO_0000012645
	Propeptide	67 – 69	3	Removed in mature form By similarity		PRO_0000012646
Amino acid modifications
	Modified residue	66	1	Cysteine methyl ester Potential
	Lipidation	66	1	S-farnesyl cysteine By similarity
Natural variations
	Natural variant	11	1	L → F. Corresponds to variant rs9895097 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_049271

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	O14610 [UniParc]. Last modified January 1, 1998. Version 1. Checksum: 7ABD417F097F719B	FASTA	69	7,747
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MAQDLSEKDL LKMEVEQLKK EVKNTRIPIS KAGKEIKEYV EAQAGNDPFL KGIPEDKNPF KEKGGCLIS

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Gene structure and chromosome localization of the G gamma c subunit of human cone G-protein (GNGT2)." Ong O.C., Hu K., Rong H., Lee R.H., Fung B.K.-K. Genomics 44:101-109(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. Tissue: Retina.
[2]	"Identification of a region in G protein gamma subunits conserved across species but hypervariable among subunit isoforms." Cook L.A., Schey K.L., Cleator J.H., Wilcox M.D., Dingus J., Hildebrandt J.D. Protein Sci. 10:2548-2555(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[3]	"cDNA clones of human proteins involved in signal transduction sequenced by the Guthrie cDNA resource center (www.cdna.org)." Puhl H.L. III, Ikeda S.R., Aronstam R.S. Submitted (MAR-2002) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
[4]	"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. , Yamamoto J., Saito K., Kawai Y., Isono Y., Nakamura Y., Nagahari K., Murakami K., Yasuda T., Iwayanagi T., Wagatsuma M., Shiratori A., Sudo H., Hosoiri T., Kaku Y., Kodaira H., Kondo H., Sugawara M., Takahashi M., Kanda K., Yokoi T., Furuya T., Kikkawa E., Omura Y., Abe K., Kamihara K., Katsuta N., Sato K., Tanikawa M., Yamazaki M., Ninomiya K., Ishibashi T., Yamashita H., Murakawa K., Fujimori K., Tanai H., Kimata M., Watanabe M., Hiraoka S., Chiba Y., Ishida S., Ono Y., Takiguchi S., Watanabe S., Yosida M., Hotuta T., Kusano J., Kanehori K., Takahashi-Fujii A., Hara H., Tanase T.-O., Nomura Y., Togiya S., Komai F., Hara R., Takeuchi K., Arita M., Imose N., Musashino K., Yuuki H., Oshima A., Sasaki N., Aotsuka S., Yoshikawa Y., Matsunawa H., Ichihara T., Shiohata N., Sano S., Moriya S., Momiyama H., Satoh N., Takami S., Terashima Y., Suzuki O., Nakagawa S., Senoh A., Mizoguchi H., Goto Y., Shimizu F., Wakebe H., Hishigaki H., Watanabe T., Sugiyama A., Takemoto M., Kawakami B., Yamazaki M., Watanabe K., Kumagai A., Itakura S., Fukuzumi Y., Fujimori Y., Komiyama M., Tashiro H., Tanigami A., Fujiwara T., Ono T., Yamada K., Fujii Y., Ozaki K., Hirao M., Ohmori Y., Kawabata A., Hikiji T., Kobatake N., Inagaki H., Ikema Y., Okamoto S., Okitani R., Kawakami T., Noguchi S., Itoh T., Shigeta K., Senba T., Matsumura K., Nakajima Y., Mizuno T., Morinaga M., Sasaki M., Togashi T., Oyama M., Hata H., Watanabe M., Komatsu T., Mizushima-Sugano J., Satoh T., Shirai Y., Takahashi Y., Nakagawa K., Okumura K., Nagase T., Nomura N., Kikuchi H., Masuho Y., Yamashita R., Nakai K., Yada T., Nakamura Y., Ohara O., Isogai T., Sugano S. Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Thymus.
[5]	Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. , Yooseph S., Lu F., Nusskern D.R., Shue B.C., Zheng X.H., Zhong F., Delcher A.L., Huson D.H., Kravitz S.A., Mouchard L., Reinert K., Remington K.A., Clark A.G., Waterman M.S., Eichler E.E., Adams M.D., Hunkapiller M.W., Myers E.W., Venter J.C. Submitted (SEP-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[6]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Eye.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	AF001160, AF001159 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB70039.1. AF365870 mRNA. Translation: AAK53384.1. AF493876 mRNA. Translation: AAM12590.1. AK312839 mRNA. Translation: BAG35693.1. CH471109 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW94688.1. CH471109 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW94689.1. BC008663 mRNA. Translation: AAH08663.1.
IPI	IPI00023032.
RefSeq	NP_001185683.1. NM_001198754.1. NP_001185684.1. NM_001198755.1. NP_001185685.1. NM_001198756.1. NP_113686.1. NM_031498.2.
UniGene	Hs.181781.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	O14610.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRING	9606.ENSP00000300406.
Proteomic databases
PaxDb	O14610.
PRIDE	O14610.
Protocols and materials databases
DNASU	2793.
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENST00000300406; ENSP00000300406; ENSG00000167083. ENST00000507680; ENSP00000421710; ENSG00000167083. ENST00000511277; ENSP00000426022; ENSG00000167083. ENST00000511673; ENSP00000422879; ENSG00000167083. ENST00000515635; ENSP00000423924; ENSG00000167083.
GeneID	2793.
KEGG	hsa:2793.
UCSC	uc002ioo.2. human.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	2793.
GeneCards	GC17M047283.
HGNC	HGNC:4412. GNGT2.
MIM	139391. gene.
neXtProt	NX_O14610.
PharmGKB	PA28791.
GenAtlas	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	NOG304504.
HOGENOM	HOG000231034.
HOVERGEN	HBG014983.
InParanoid	O14610.
KO	K04549.
OrthoDB	EOG4TMR3S.
PhylomeDB	O14610.
Enzyme and pathway databases
Pathway_Interaction_DB	cone_pathway. Visual signal transduction: Cones.
Reactome	REACT_111102. Signal Transduction. REACT_111217. Metabolism. REACT_13685. Neuronal System. REACT_15518. Transmembrane transport of small molecules. REACT_604. Hemostasis.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	O14610.
Bgee	O14610.
CleanEx	HS_GNG8. HS_GNGT2.
Genevestigator	O14610.
GermOnline	ENSG00000167083. Homo sapiens.
Family and domain databases
Gene3D	4.10.260.10. 1 hit.
InterPro	IPR015898. G-protein_gamma-like_dom. IPR001770. Gprotein-gamma. [Graphical view]
PANTHER	PTHR13809. PTHR13809. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF00631. G-gamma. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PRINTS	PR00321. GPROTEING.
SMART	SM00224. GGL. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
SUPFAM	SSF48670. G-protein_gamma-like. 1 hit.
PROSITE	PS50058. G_PROTEIN_GAMMA. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
GenomeRNAi	2793.
NextBio	11005.
SOURCE	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

GBGT2_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: O14610
Secondary accession number(s): B2R746, D3DTW5

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	July 15, 1998
Last sequence update:	January 1, 1998
Last modified:	May 1, 2013
This is version 116 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.