ID VGP_EBOG4 Reviewed; 676 AA. AC O11457; Q913A3; DT 30-MAY-2000, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot. DT 01-JUL-1997, sequence version 1. DT 27-MAR-2024, entry version 126. DE RecName: Full=Envelope glycoprotein; DE AltName: Full=GP1,2; DE Short=GP; DE Contains: DE RecName: Full=GP1; DE Contains: DE RecName: Full=GP2; DE Contains: DE RecName: Full=Shed GP; DE AltName: Full=GP1,2-delta; DE Flags: Precursor; GN Name=GP; OS Zaire ebolavirus (strain Gabon-94) (ZEBOV) (Zaire Ebola virus). OC Viruses; Riboviria; Orthornavirae; Negarnaviricota; Haploviricotina; OC Monjiviricetes; Mononegavirales; Filoviridae; Orthoebolavirus; OC Orthoebolavirus zairense; Zaire ebolavirus. OX NCBI_TaxID=128947; OH NCBI_TaxID=77231; Epomops franqueti (Franquet's epauletted fruit bat) (Epomophorus franqueti). OH NCBI_TaxID=9606; Homo sapiens (Human). OH NCBI_TaxID=77243; Myonycteris torquata (Little collared fruit bat). RN [1] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC RNA]. RX PubMed=9185597; DOI=10.1006/viro.1997.8529; RA Volchkov V., Volchkova V., Eckel C., Klenk H.-D., Bouloy M., Leguenno B., RA Feldmann H.; RT "Emergence of subtype Zaire Ebola virus in Gabon."; RL Virology 232:139-144(1997). RN [2] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. RC STRAIN=Isolate Bouee-96; RX PubMed=11752702; DOI=10.1099/0022-1317-83-1-67; RA Leroy E.M., Baize S., Mavoungou E., Apetrei C.; RT "Sequence analysis of the GP, NP, VP40 and VP24 genes of Ebola virus RT isolated from deceased, surviving and asymptomatically infected individuals RT during the 1996 outbreak in Gabon: comparative studies and phylogenetic RT characterization."; RL J. Gen. Virol. 83:67-73(2002). RN [3] RP FUNCTION (GP1). RX PubMed=17005688; DOI=10.1128/jvi.01157-06; RA Shimojima M., Takada A., Ebihara H., Neumann G., Fujioka K., Irimura T., RA Jones S., Feldmann H., Kawaoka Y.; RT "Tyro3 family-mediated cell entry of Ebola and Marburg viruses."; RL J. Virol. 80:10109-10116(2006). RN [4] {ECO:0007744|PDB:1EBO} RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (3.00 ANGSTROMS) OF 552-650, AND DISULFIDE BONDS. RX PubMed=9844633; DOI=10.1016/s1097-2765(00)80159-8; RA Weissenhorn W., Carfi A., Lee K.H., Skehel J.J., Wiley D.C.; RT "Crystal structure of the Ebola virus membrane fusion subunit, GP2, from RT the envelope glycoprotein ectodomain."; RL Mol. Cell 2:605-616(1998). CC -!- FUNCTION: [Envelope glycoprotein]: Trimeric GP1,2 complexes form the CC virion surface spikes and mediate the viral entry processes, with GP1 CC acting as the receptor-binding subunit and GP2 as the membrane fusion CC subunit. At later times of infection, down-regulates the expression of CC various host cell surface molecules that are essential for immune CC surveillance and cell adhesion. Down-modulates several integrins CC including ITGA1, ITGA2, ITGA3, ITGA4, ITGA5, ITGA6, ITGAV and ITGB1. CC This decrease in cell adhesion molecules may lead to cell detachment, CC contributing to the disruption of blood vessel integrity and CC hemorrhages developed during infection (cytotoxicity). Interacts with CC host TLR4 and thereby stimulates the differentiation and activation of CC monocytes leading to bystander death of T-lymphocytes. Down-regulates CC as well the function of host natural killer cells. Counteracts the CC antiviral effect of host BST2/tetherin that restricts release of CC progeny virions from infected cells. However, cooperates with VP40 and CC host BST2 to activate canonical NF-kappa-B pathway in a manner CC dependent on neddylation. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q05320}. CC -!- FUNCTION: [Shed GP]: Functions as a decoy for anti-GP1,2 antibodies CC thereby contributing to viral immune evasion. Interacts and activates CC host macrophages and dendritic cells inducing up-regulation of cytokine CC transcription. This effect is mediated throught activation of host CC TLR4. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q05320}. CC -!- FUNCTION: [GP1]: Responsible for binding to the receptor(s) on target CC cells. Interacts with CD209/DC-SIGN and CLEC4M/DC-SIGNR which act as CC cofactors for virus entry into dendritic cells (DCs) and endothelial CC cells (By similarity). Binding to the macrophage specific lectin CC CLEC10A also seems to enhance virus infectivity (By similarity). CC Interaction with FOLR1/folate receptor alpha may be a cofactor for CC virus entry in some cell types, although results are contradictory (By CC similarity). Members of the Tyro3 receptor tyrosine kinase family also CC seem to be cell entry factors in filovirus infection (PubMed:17005688). CC Once attached, the virions are internalized through clathrin-dependent CC endocytosis and/or macropinocytosis. After internalization of the virus CC into the endosomes of the host cell, proteolysis of GP1 by two cysteine CC proteases, CTSB/cathepsin B and CTSL/cathepsin L removes the glycan cap CC and allows GP1 binding to the host entry receptor NPC1. NPC1-binding, CC Ca(2+) and acidic pH induce a conformational change of GP2, which CC unmasks its fusion peptide and permit membranes fusion (By similarity). CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q05320, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q66814, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:17005688}. CC -!- FUNCTION: [GP2]: Acts as a class I viral fusion protein. Under the CC current model, the protein has at least 3 conformational states: pre- CC fusion native state, pre-hairpin intermediate state, and post-fusion CC hairpin state. During viral and target cell membrane fusion, the coiled CC coil regions (heptad repeats) assume a trimer-of-hairpins structure, CC positioning the fusion peptide in close proximity to the C-terminal CC region of the ectodomain. The formation of this structure appears to CC drive apposition and subsequent fusion of viral and target cell CC membranes. Responsible for penetration of the virus into the cell CC cytoplasm by mediating the fusion of the membrane of the endocytosed CC virus particle with the endosomal membrane. Low pH in endosomes induces CC an irreversible conformational change in GP2, releasing the fusion CC hydrophobic peptide. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q05320}. CC -!- SUBUNIT: [Envelope glycoprotein]: Homotrimer; each monomer consists of CC a GP1 and a GP2 subunit linked by disulfide bonds. The resulting CC peplomers (GP1,2) protrude from the virus surface as spikes. Interacts CC with host integrin alpha-V/ITGAV. Interacts with host CLEC10A. Binds CC also to host CD209 and CLEC4M/DC-SIGN(R). Interacts with host FOLR1. CC Interacts with BST2; this interaction inhibits the antiviral effect of CC BST2 and this allows viral release from infected cells. Interacts with CC host FCN1; this interaction enhances viral entry. Interacts with host CC TLR4; this interaction induces cell death in T-lymphocytes or CC proinflammatory cytokines and SOCS1 production in monocytes. CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q05320}. CC -!- SUBUNIT: [GP1]: Interacts with host entry receptor NPC1. CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q05320}. CC -!- SUBUNIT: [Shed GP]: GP1 and GP2delta are part of GP1,2delta soluble CC complexes released by ectodomain shedding. CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q05320}. CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [GP2]: Virion membrane CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q05320}; Single-pass type I membrane protein CC {ECO:0000255}. Host cell membrane {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q05320}; CC Single-pass type I membrane protein {ECO:0000255}. Note=In the cell, CC localizes to the plasma membrane lipid rafts, which probably represent CC the assembly and budding site. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q05320}. CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [GP1]: Virion membrane CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q05320}; Peripheral membrane protein CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q05320}. Host cell membrane CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q05320}; Peripheral membrane protein CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q05320}. Note=GP1 is not anchored to the viral CC envelope, but forms a disulfid-linked complex with the extravirion CC surface GP2. In the cell, both GP1 and GP2 localize to the plasma CC membrane lipid rafts, which probably represent the assembly and budding CC site. GP1 can also be shed after proteolytic processing. CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q05320}. CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Shed GP]: Secreted CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q05320}. Note=GP2-delta bound to GP1 (GP1,2- CC delta) is produced by proteolytic cleavage of GP1,2 by host ADAM17 and CC shed by the virus. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q05320}. CC -!- DOMAIN: The mucin-like region seems to be involved in the cytotoxic CC function. This region is also involved in binding to human CLEC10A (By CC similarity). {ECO:0000250}. CC -!- DOMAIN: The coiled coil regions play a role in oligomerization and CC fusion activity. {ECO:0000250}. CC -!- PTM: The signal peptide region modulates GP's high mannose CC glycosylation, thereby determining the efficiency of the interactions CC with DC-SIGN(R). {ECO:0000250}. CC -!- PTM: N-glycosylated. {ECO:0000250}. CC -!- PTM: O-glycosylated in the mucin-like region. {ECO:0000250}. CC -!- PTM: Palmitoylation of GP2 is not required for its function. CC {ECO:0000250}. CC -!- PTM: Specific enzymatic cleavages in vivo yield mature proteins. The CC precursor is processed into GP1 and GP2 by host cell furin in the trans CC Golgi, and maybe by other host proteases, to yield the mature GP1 and CC GP2 proteins. The cleavage site corresponds to the furin optimal CC cleavage sequence [KR]-X-[KR]-R. This cleavage does not seem to be CC required for function. After the internalization of the virus into cell CC endosomes, GP1 C-terminus is removed by the endosomal proteases CC cathepsin B, cathepsin L, or both, leaving a 19-kDa N-terminal fragment CC which is further digested by cathepsin B. Proteolytic processing of CC GP1,2 by host ADAM17 can remove the transmembrane anchor of GP2 and CC leads to shedding of complexes consisting in GP1 and truncated GP2 CC (GP1,2delta) (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}. CC -!- RNA EDITING: Modified_positions=295 {ECO:0000250}; Note=Partially CC edited. RNA editing at this position consists of an insertion of one CC adenine nucleotide. The sequence displayed here is the full-length CC transmembrane glycoprotein, derived from the edited RNA. The unedited CC RNA gives rise to the small secreted glycoprotein (AC O11458) (By CC similarity). {ECO:0000250}; CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: Filoviruses entry requires functional lipid rafts at the CC host cell surface. {ECO:0000250}. CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: Essential for infectivity, as it is the sole viral CC protein expressed at the virion surface. CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the filoviruses glycoprotein family. CC {ECO:0000305}. CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CC Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms CC Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- DR EMBL; U77384; AAC57989.1; -; Genomic_RNA. DR EMBL; AY058898; AAL25818.1; -; mRNA. DR PDB; 1EBO; X-ray; 3.00 A; A/B/C/D/E/F=552-650. DR PDB; 6EA7; X-ray; 4.25 A; B/D/F=502-612. DR PDBsum; 1EBO; -. DR PDBsum; 6EA7; -. DR BMRB; O11457; -. DR EMDB; EMD-25471; -. DR SMR; O11457; -. DR GlyCosmos; O11457; 17 sites, No reported glycans. DR EvolutionaryTrace; O11457; -. DR GO; GO:0005576; C:extracellular region; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell. DR GO; GO:0020002; C:host cell plasma membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell. DR GO; GO:0016020; C:membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. DR GO; GO:0019031; C:viral envelope; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. DR GO; GO:0055036; C:virion membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell. DR GO; GO:0075512; P:clathrin-dependent endocytosis of virus by host cell; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. DR GO; GO:0098670; P:entry receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. DR GO; GO:0039654; P:fusion of virus membrane with host endosome membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. DR GO; GO:0039587; P:suppression by virus of host tetherin activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. DR GO; GO:0039502; P:suppression by virus of host type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. DR CDD; cd09850; Ebola-like_HR1-HR2; 1. DR Gene3D; 1.10.287.210; -; 1. DR InterPro; IPR014625; GPC_FiloV. DR InterPro; IPR002561; GPC_filovir-type_extra_dom. DR Pfam; PF01611; Filo_glycop; 1. DR PIRSF; PIRSF036874; GPC_FiloV; 1. DR SUPFAM; SSF58069; Virus ectodomain; 1. PE 1: Evidence at protein level; KW 3D-structure; Clathrin-mediated endocytosis of virus by host; KW Cleavage on pair of basic residues; Coiled coil; Disulfide bond; KW Fusion of virus membrane with host endosomal membrane; KW Fusion of virus membrane with host membrane; Glycoprotein; KW Host cell membrane; Host membrane; Host-virus interaction; KW Inhibition of host innate immune response by virus; KW Inhibition of host tetherin by virus; Lipoprotein; Membrane; Palmitate; KW RNA editing; Secreted; Signal; Transmembrane; Transmembrane helix; KW Viral attachment to host cell; Viral attachment to host entry receptor; KW Viral envelope protein; Viral immunoevasion; KW Viral penetration into host cytoplasm; Virion; Virus endocytosis by host; KW Virus entry into host cell. FT SIGNAL 1..32 FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT CHAIN 33..676 FT /note="Envelope glycoprotein" FT /id="PRO_0000037464" FT CHAIN 33..501 FT /note="GP1" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250" FT /id="PRO_0000037465" FT CHAIN 502..676 FT /note="GP2" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250" FT /id="PRO_0000037466" FT CHAIN 502..637 FT /note="Shed GP" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250" FT /id="PRO_0000245055" FT TOPO_DOM 33..650 FT /note="Extracellular" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT TRANSMEM 651..671 FT /note="Helical" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT TOPO_DOM 672..676 FT /note="Cytoplasmic" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT REGION 54..201 FT /note="Receptor-binding" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250" FT REGION 305..485 FT /note="Mucin-like region" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250" FT REGION 314..337 FT /note="Disordered" FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite" FT REGION 373..392 FT /note="Disordered" FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite" FT REGION 402..479 FT /note="Disordered" FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite" FT REGION 524..539 FT /note="Fusion peptide" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250" FT COILED 554..595 FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT COILED 615..634 FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT COMPBIAS 415..479 FT /note="Polar residues" FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite" FT SITE 57 FT /note="Involved in receptor recognition and/or post-binding FT events" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT SITE 63 FT /note="Involved in receptor recognition and/or post-binding FT events" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT SITE 64 FT /note="Involved in receptor recognition and/or post-binding FT events" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT SITE 88 FT /note="Involved in receptor recognition and/or post-binding FT events" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT SITE 95 FT /note="Involved in receptor recognition and/or post-binding FT events" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT SITE 170 FT /note="Involved in receptor recognition and/or post-binding FT events" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT SITE 501..502 FT /note="Cleavage; by host furin" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250" FT SITE 637..638 FT /note="Cleavage; by host ADAM17" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250" FT LIPID 670 FT /note="S-palmitoyl cysteine; by host" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q05320" FT LIPID 672 FT /note="S-palmitoyl cysteine; by host" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q05320" FT CARBOHYD 40 FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine; by host" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT CARBOHYD 204 FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine; by host" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT CARBOHYD 228 FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine; by host" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT CARBOHYD 238 FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine; by host" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT CARBOHYD 257 FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine; by host" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT CARBOHYD 268 FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine; by host" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT CARBOHYD 296 FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine; by host" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT CARBOHYD 317 FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine; by host" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT CARBOHYD 333 FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine; by host" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT CARBOHYD 346 FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine; by host" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT CARBOHYD 386 FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine; by host" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT CARBOHYD 413 FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine; by host" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT CARBOHYD 436 FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine; by host" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT CARBOHYD 454 FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine; by host" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT CARBOHYD 462 FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine; by host" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT CARBOHYD 563 FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine; by host" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT CARBOHYD 618 FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine; by host" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT DISULFID 53..609 FT /note="Interchain (between GP1 and GP2 chains)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250" FT DISULFID 108..135 FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT DISULFID 121..147 FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT DISULFID 511..556 FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT DISULFID 601..608 FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:9844633" FT VARIANT 219 FT /note="R -> K (in strain: Isolate Bouee-96)" FT VARIANT 260 FT /note="R -> I (in strain: Isolate Bouee-96)" FT VARIANT 368 FT /note="L -> P (in strain: Isolate Bouee-96)" FT VARIANT 376 FT /note="R -> Q (in strain: Isolate Bouee-96)" FT VARIANT 379 FT /note="I -> T (in strain: Isolate Bouee-96)" FT VARIANT 474 FT /note="A -> T (in strain: Isolate Bouee-96)" FT VARIANT 544 FT /note="I -> T (in strain: Isolate Bouee-96)" FT HELIX 540..548 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1EBO" FT HELIX 549..551 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1EBO" FT HELIX 554..593 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1EBO" FT HELIX 595..597 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1EBO" FT HELIX 600..604 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1EBO" FT HELIX 605..609 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1EBO" FT HELIX 616..630 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1EBO" SQ SEQUENCE 676 AA; 74577 MW; 5E8EB143E5E86E41 CRC64; MGVTGILQLP RDRFKRTSFF LWVIILFQRT FSIPLGVIHN STLQVSDVDK LVCRDKLSST NQLRSVGLNL EGNGVATDVP SATKRWGFRS GVPPKVVNYE AGEWAENCYN LEIKKPDGSE CLPAAPDGIR GFPRCRYVHK VSGTGPCAGD FAFHKEGAFF LYDRLASTVI YRGTTFAEGV VAFLILPQAK KDFFSSHPLR EPVNATEDPS SGYYSTTIRY QATGFGTNET EYLFEVDNLT YVQLESRFTP QFLLQLNETR YTSGKRSNTT GKLIWKVNPE IDTTIGEWAF WETKKNLTRK IRSEELSFTA VSNRAKNISG QSPARTSSDP GTNTTTEDHK IMASENSSAM VQVHSQGREA AVSHLTTLAT ISTSLRPPIT KPGPDNSTHN TPVYKLDISE ATQVEQHHRR TDNASTTSDT PPATTAAGPL KAENTNTSKG TDLLDPATTT SPQNHSETAG NNNTHHQDTG EESASSGKLG LITNTIAGVA GLITGGRRTR REAIVNAQPK CNPNLHYWTT QDEGAAIGLA WIPYFGPAAE GIYIEGLMHN QDGLICGLRQ LANETTQALQ LFLRATTELR TFSILNRKAI DFLLQRWGGT CHILGPDCCI EPHDWTKNIT DKIDQIIHDF VDKTLPDQGD NDNWWTGWRQ WIPAGIGVTG VIIAVIALFC ICKFVF //