ID ACCC_ARATH Reviewed; 537 AA. AC O04983; P93650; Q9C5F8; DT 02-MAR-2010, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot. DT 01-JUL-1997, sequence version 1. DT 27-MAR-2024, entry version 168. DE RecName: Full=Biotin carboxylase, chloroplastic; DE EC=6.3.4.14 {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9414551}; DE AltName: Full=Acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase biotin carboxylase subunit A {ECO:0000305}; DE Flags: Precursor; GN Name=CAC2; OrderedLocusNames=At5g35360; ORFNames=T26D22.8; OS Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress). OC Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; OC Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; OC rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis. OX NCBI_TaxID=3702; RN [1] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], AND TISSUE SPECIFICITY. RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia; RX PubMed=9349276; DOI=10.1023/a:1005881006620; RA Bao X., Shorrosh B.S., Ohlrogge J.B.; RT "Isolation and characterization of an Arabidopsis biotin carboxylase gene RT and its promoter."; RL Plant Mol. Biol. 35:539-550(1997). RN [2] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA / MRNA], FUNCTION, CATALYTIC ACTIVITY, RP BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES, COFACTOR, AND TISSUE SPECIFICITY. RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia, and cv. Landsberg erecta; RX PubMed=9414551; DOI=10.1104/pp.115.4.1371; RA Sun J., Ke J., Johnson J.L., Nikolau B.J., Wurtele E.S.; RT "Biochemical and molecular biological characterization of CAC2, the RT Arabidopsis thaliana gene coding for the biotin carboxylase subunit of the RT plastidic acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase."; RL Plant Physiol. 115:1371-1383(1997). RN [3] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia; RA Kaneko T., Katoh T., Asamizu E., Sato S., Nakamura Y., Kotani H., RA Tabata S.; RT "Structural analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 5. XI."; RL Submitted (APR-1999) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. RN [4] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia; RX PubMed=11130714; DOI=10.1038/35048507; RA Tabata S., Kaneko T., Nakamura Y., Kotani H., Kato T., Asamizu E., RA Miyajima N., Sasamoto S., Kimura T., Hosouchi T., Kawashima K., Kohara M., RA Matsumoto M., Matsuno A., Muraki A., Nakayama S., Nakazaki N., Naruo K., RA Okumura S., Shinpo S., Takeuchi C., Wada T., Watanabe A., Yamada M., RA Yasuda M., Sato S., de la Bastide M., Huang E., Spiegel L., Gnoj L., RA O'Shaughnessy A., Preston R., Habermann K., Murray J., Johnson D., RA Rohlfing T., Nelson J., Stoneking T., Pepin K., Spieth J., Sekhon M., RA Armstrong J., Becker M., Belter E., Cordum H., Cordes M., Courtney L., RA Courtney W., Dante M., Du H., Edwards J., Fryman J., Haakensen B., RA Lamar E., Latreille P., Leonard S., Meyer R., Mulvaney E., Ozersky P., RA Riley A., Strowmatt C., Wagner-McPherson C., Wollam A., Yoakum M., Bell M., RA Dedhia N., Parnell L., Shah R., Rodriguez M., Hoon See L., Vil D., RA Baker J., Kirchoff K., Toth K., King L., Bahret A., Miller B., Marra M.A., RA Martienssen R., McCombie W.R., Wilson R.K., Murphy G., Bancroft I., RA Volckaert G., Wambutt R., Duesterhoeft A., Stiekema W., Pohl T., RA Entian K.-D., Terryn N., Hartley N., Bent E., Johnson S., Langham S.-A., RA McCullagh B., Robben J., Grymonprez B., Zimmermann W., Ramsperger U., RA Wedler H., Balke K., Wedler E., Peters S., van Staveren M., Dirkse W., RA Mooijman P., Klein Lankhorst R., Weitzenegger T., Bothe G., Rose M., RA Hauf J., Berneiser S., Hempel S., Feldpausch M., Lamberth S., RA Villarroel R., Gielen J., Ardiles W., Bents O., Lemcke K., Kolesov G., RA Mayer K.F.X., Rudd S., Schoof H., Schueller C., Zaccaria P., Mewes H.-W., RA Bevan M., Fransz P.F.; RT "Sequence and analysis of chromosome 5 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana."; RL Nature 408:823-826(2000). RN [5] RP GENOME REANNOTATION. RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia; RX PubMed=27862469; DOI=10.1111/tpj.13415; RA Cheng C.Y., Krishnakumar V., Chan A.P., Thibaud-Nissen F., Schobel S., RA Town C.D.; RT "Araport11: a complete reannotation of the Arabidopsis thaliana reference RT genome."; RL Plant J. 89:789-804(2017). RN [6] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia; RX PubMed=14593172; DOI=10.1126/science.1088305; RA Yamada K., Lim J., Dale J.M., Chen H., Shinn P., Palm C.J., Southwick A.M., RA Wu H.C., Kim C.J., Nguyen M., Pham P.K., Cheuk R.F., Karlin-Newmann G., RA Liu S.X., Lam B., Sakano H., Wu T., Yu G., Miranda M., Quach H.L., RA Tripp M., Chang C.H., Lee J.M., Toriumi M.J., Chan M.M., Tang C.C., RA Onodera C.S., Deng J.M., Akiyama K., Ansari Y., Arakawa T., Banh J., RA Banno F., Bowser L., Brooks S.Y., Carninci P., Chao Q., Choy N., Enju A., RA Goldsmith A.D., Gurjal M., Hansen N.F., Hayashizaki Y., Johnson-Hopson C., RA Hsuan V.W., Iida K., Karnes M., Khan S., Koesema E., Ishida J., Jiang P.X., RA Jones T., Kawai J., Kamiya A., Meyers C., Nakajima M., Narusaka M., RA Seki M., Sakurai T., Satou M., Tamse R., Vaysberg M., Wallender E.K., RA Wong C., Yamamura Y., Yuan S., Shinozaki K., Davis R.W., Theologis A., RA Ecker J.R.; RT "Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis RT genome."; RL Science 302:842-846(2003). RN [7] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. RA Brover V.V., Troukhan M.E., Alexandrov N.A., Lu Y.-P., Flavell R.B., RA Feldmann K.A.; RT "Full-length cDNA from Arabidopsis thaliana."; RL Submitted (MAR-2002) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. RN [8] RP TISSUE SPECIFICITY. RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia; RX PubMed=10759501; DOI=10.1104/pp.122.4.1057; RA Ke J., Wen T.N., Nikolau B.J., Wurtele E.S.; RT "Coordinate regulation of the nuclear and plastidic genes coding for the RT subunits of the heteromeric acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase."; RL Plant Physiol. 122:1057-1071(2000). RN [9] RP IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]. RC STRAIN=cv. Landsberg erecta; RX PubMed=17272265; DOI=10.1074/mcp.m600408-mcp200; RA Maor R., Jones A., Nuehse T.S., Studholme D.J., Peck S.C., Shirasu K.; RT "Multidimensional protein identification technology (MudPIT) analysis of RT ubiquitinated proteins in plants."; RL Mol. Cell. Proteomics 6:601-610(2007). RN [10] RP IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY, AND SUBCELLULAR LOCATION [LARGE SCALE RP ANALYSIS]. RX PubMed=18431481; DOI=10.1371/journal.pone.0001994; RA Zybailov B., Rutschow H., Friso G., Rudella A., Emanuelsson O., Sun Q., RA van Wijk K.J.; RT "Sorting signals, N-terminal modifications and abundance of the chloroplast RT proteome."; RL PLoS ONE 3:E1994-E1994(2008). CC -!- FUNCTION: This protein is a component of the acetyl coenzyme A CC carboxylase complex; first, biotin carboxylase catalyzes the CC carboxylation of the carrier protein and then the transcarboxylase CC transfers the carboxyl group to form malonyl-CoA. CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9414551}. CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: CC Reaction=ATP + hydrogencarbonate + N(6)-biotinyl-L-lysyl-[protein] = CC ADP + H(+) + N(6)-carboxybiotinyl-L-lysyl-[protein] + phosphate; CC Xref=Rhea:RHEA:13501, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:10505, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:10506, CC ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:17544, ChEBI:CHEBI:30616, CC ChEBI:CHEBI:43474, ChEBI:CHEBI:83144, ChEBI:CHEBI:83145, CC ChEBI:CHEBI:456216; EC=6.3.4.14; CC Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:9414551}; CC -!- COFACTOR: CC Name=Mg(2+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:18420; Evidence={ECO:0000255|PROSITE- CC ProRule:PRU00969}; CC Name=Mn(2+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:29035; Evidence={ECO:0000255|PROSITE- CC ProRule:PRU00969}; CC Note=Binds 2 magnesium or manganese ions per subunit. CC {ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00969}; CC -!- BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES: CC Kinetic parameters: CC KM=2.3 mM for biotin {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9414551}; CC KM=88 mM for bicarbonate {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9414551}; CC Vmax=16 nmol/min/mg enzyme {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9414551}; CC pH dependence: CC Optimum pH is 8.3-8.9. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9414551}; CC -!- PATHWAY: Lipid metabolism; malonyl-CoA biosynthesis; malonyl-CoA from CC acetyl-CoA: step 1/1. CC -!- SUBUNIT: Acetyl-CoA carboxylase is a heterohexamer composed of biotin CC carboxyl carrier protein, biotin carboxylase and two subunits each of CC ACCase subunit alpha and ACCase plastid-coded subunit beta (accD). CC {ECO:0000305}. CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18431481}. CC -!- ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: CC Event=Alternative splicing; Named isoforms=1; CC Comment=A number of isoforms are produced. According to EST CC sequences.; CC Name=1; CC IsoId=O04983-1; Sequence=Displayed; CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Accumulates in fatty acids synthesizing tissues. CC Mostly expressed in siliques, developing leaves, and flowers, present CC in roots and embryos (especially at torpedo stage), and, to a lower CC extent, in mature leaves. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10759501, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:9349276, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9414551}. CC -!- SEQUENCE CAUTION: CC Sequence=CAA70282.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction; Evidence={ECO:0000305}; CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CC Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms CC Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- DR EMBL; Y09061; CAA70282.1; ALT_SEQ; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; U90879; AAC09008.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; U91414; AAC09009.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; AB025636; BAB11486.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; AF058826; AAC13611.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; CP002688; AED93956.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; AF360279; AAK25989.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; AY142630; AAN13088.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; AY085968; AAM63178.1; -; mRNA. DR PIR; T01180; T01180. DR RefSeq; NP_198386.1; NM_122927.4. [O04983-1] DR AlphaFoldDB; O04983; -. DR SMR; O04983; -. DR BioGRID; 18751; 5. DR IntAct; O04983; 1. DR STRING; 3702.O04983; -. DR MetOSite; O04983; -. DR PaxDb; 3702-AT5G35360-3; -. DR ProteomicsDB; 244341; -. [O04983-1] DR EnsemblPlants; AT5G35360.1; AT5G35360.1; AT5G35360. [O04983-1] DR GeneID; 833497; -. DR Gramene; AT5G35360.1; AT5G35360.1; AT5G35360. [O04983-1] DR KEGG; ath:AT5G35360; -. DR Araport; AT5G35360; -. DR TAIR; AT5G35360; CAC2. DR eggNOG; KOG0238; Eukaryota. DR InParanoid; O04983; -. DR OMA; AISHECT; -. DR PhylomeDB; O04983; -. DR BioCyc; ARA:AT5G35360-MONOMER; -. DR BioCyc; MetaCyc:AT5G35360-MONOMER; -. DR UniPathway; UPA00655; UER00711. DR PRO; PR:O04983; -. DR Proteomes; UP000006548; Chromosome 5. DR ExpressionAtlas; O04983; baseline and differential. DR GO; GO:0009507; C:chloroplast; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell. DR GO; GO:0003989; F:acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity; IEA:UniProtKB-EC. DR GO; GO:0005524; F:ATP binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. DR GO; GO:0004075; F:biotin carboxylase activity; IEA:UniProtKB-EC. DR GO; GO:0046872; F:metal ion binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. DR GO; GO:0006633; P:fatty acid biosynthetic process; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. DR GO; GO:2001295; P:malonyl-CoA biosynthetic process; IEA:UniProtKB-UniPathway. DR Gene3D; 3.40.50.20; -; 1. DR Gene3D; 3.30.1490.20; ATP-grasp fold, A domain; 1. DR Gene3D; 3.30.470.20; ATP-grasp fold, B domain; 1. DR InterPro; IPR004549; Acetyl_CoA_COase_biotin_COase. DR InterPro; IPR011761; ATP-grasp. DR InterPro; IPR013815; ATP_grasp_subdomain_1. DR InterPro; IPR005481; BC-like_N. DR InterPro; IPR011764; Biotin_carboxylation_dom. DR InterPro; IPR005482; Biotin_COase_C. DR InterPro; IPR005479; CbamoylP_synth_lsu-like_ATP-bd. DR InterPro; IPR016185; PreATP-grasp_dom_sf. DR InterPro; IPR011054; Rudment_hybrid_motif. DR NCBIfam; TIGR00514; accC; 1. DR PANTHER; PTHR48095:SF2; BIOTIN CARBOXYLASE, CHLOROPLASTIC; 1. DR PANTHER; PTHR48095; PYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE SUBUNIT A; 1. DR Pfam; PF02785; Biotin_carb_C; 1. DR Pfam; PF00289; Biotin_carb_N; 1. DR Pfam; PF02786; CPSase_L_D2; 1. DR SMART; SM00878; Biotin_carb_C; 1. DR SUPFAM; SSF56059; Glutathione synthetase ATP-binding domain-like; 1. DR SUPFAM; SSF52440; PreATP-grasp domain; 1. DR SUPFAM; SSF51246; Rudiment single hybrid motif; 1. DR PROSITE; PS50975; ATP_GRASP; 1. DR PROSITE; PS50979; BC; 1. DR PROSITE; PS00866; CPSASE_1; 1. DR PROSITE; PS00867; CPSASE_2; 1. DR Genevisible; O04983; AT. PE 1: Evidence at protein level; KW Alternative splicing; ATP-binding; Biotin; Chloroplast; KW Fatty acid biosynthesis; Fatty acid metabolism; Ligase; Lipid biosynthesis; KW Lipid metabolism; Magnesium; Manganese; Metal-binding; Nucleotide-binding; KW Plastid; Reference proteome; Transit peptide. FT TRANSIT 1..71 FT /note="Chloroplast" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" FT CHAIN 72..537 FT /note="Biotin carboxylase, chloroplastic" FT /id="PRO_0000391772" FT DOMAIN 192..389 FT /note="ATP-grasp" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00409" FT ACT_SITE 364 FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24182" FT BINDING 188 FT /ligand="ATP" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:30616" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24182" FT BINDING 230 FT /ligand="ATP" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:30616" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24182" FT BINDING 236..237 FT /ligand="ATP" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:30616" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24182" FT BINDING 272..275 FT /ligand="ATP" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:30616" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24182" FT BINDING 280 FT /ligand="ATP" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:30616" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24182" FT BINDING 309 FT /ligand="hydrogencarbonate" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:17544" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24182" FT BINDING 347 FT /ligand="ATP" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:30616" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24182" FT BINDING 347 FT /ligand="Mg(2+)" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:18420" FT /ligand_label="1" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00969" FT BINDING 347 FT /ligand="Mn(2+)" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29035" FT /ligand_label="1" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00969" FT BINDING 360 FT /ligand="ATP" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:30616" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24182" FT BINDING 360 FT /ligand="Mg(2+)" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:18420" FT /ligand_label="1" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00969" FT BINDING 360 FT /ligand="Mg(2+)" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:18420" FT /ligand_label="2" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00969" FT BINDING 360 FT /ligand="Mn(2+)" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29035" FT /ligand_label="1" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00969" FT BINDING 360 FT /ligand="Mn(2+)" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29035" FT /ligand_label="2" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00969" FT BINDING 362 FT /ligand="Mg(2+)" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:18420" FT /ligand_label="2" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00969" FT BINDING 362 FT /ligand="Mn(2+)" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29035" FT /ligand_label="2" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00969" FT BINDING 364 FT /ligand="hydrogencarbonate" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:17544" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24182" FT BINDING 367 FT /ligand="hydrogencarbonate" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:17544" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24182" FT BINDING 410 FT /ligand="biotin" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57586" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24182" FT BINDING 410 FT /ligand="hydrogencarbonate" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:17544" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24182" FT CONFLICT 181 FT /note="S -> T (in Ref. 1; CAA70282)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" FT CONFLICT 230 FT /note="K -> T (in Ref. 1; CAA70282)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" FT CONFLICT 314 FT /note="Missing (in Ref. 1; CAA70282)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" FT CONFLICT 447 FT /note="D -> N (in Ref. 6; AAK25989)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" SQ SEQUENCE 537 AA; 58387 MW; CB57C973A2A735C8 CRC64; MDASMITNSK SITSPPSLAL GKSGGGGVIR SSLCNLMMPS KVNFPRQRTQ TLKVSQKKLK RATSGGLGVT CSGGDKILVA NRGEIAVRVI RTAHEMGIPC VAVYSTIDKD ALHVKLADEA VCIGEAPSNQ SYLVIPNVLS AAISRGCTML HPGYGFLSEN ALFVEMCRDH GINFIGPNPD SIRVMGDKAT ARETMKNAGV PTVPGSDGLL QSTEEAVRVA NEIGFPVMIK ATAGGGGRGM RLAKEPGEFV KLLQQAKSEA AAAFGNDGCY LEKFVQNPRH IEFQVLADKF GNVVHFGERD CSIQRRNQKL LEEAPSPALT AELRKAMGDA AVAAAASIGY IGVGTVEFLL DERGSFYFME MNTRIQVEHP VTEMIYSVDL IEEQIRVAMG EKLRYKQEDI VLRGHSIECR INAEDPFKGF RPGPGRITSY LPSGGPFVRM DSHVYSDYVV PPSYDSLLGK LIVWAPTREK AIERMKRALN DTIITGVPTT INYHKLILDV EDFKNGKVDT AFIVKHEEEL AEPQEIVAVK DLTNATV //