Choline monooxygenase, chloroplastic precursor - Spinacia oleracea (Spinach)

Contribute

Read comments (1) or add your own

Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot O04121 (CHMO_SPIOL)

Last modified June 16, 2009. Version 59. History...

Clusters with 100%, 90%, 50% identity |

Documents (2) |

Third-party data |

Customize display

text xml rdf/xml gff fasta

Names and origin · Protein attributes · General annotation (Comments) · Ontologies · Sequence annotation (Features) · Sequences · References · Cross-references · Entry information · Relevant documents

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Choline monooxygenase, chloroplastic
EC=1.14.15.7

Gene names

Name:

CMO

Organism

Spinacia oleracea (Spinach)

Taxonomic identifier

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Viridiplantae › Streptophyta › Embryophyta › Tracheophyta › Spermatophyta › Magnoliophyta › eudicotyledons › core eudicotyledons › Caryophyllales › Amaranthaceae › Spinacia

Protein attributes

Sequence length	439 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Catalyzes the first step of the osmoprotectant glycine betaine synthesis.
Catalytic activity	Choline + O₂ + 2 reduced ferredoxin + 2 H⁺ = betaine aldehyde hydrate + H₂O + 2 oxidized ferredoxin.
Cofactor	Binds 1 2Fe-2S cluster. Binds 1 iron ion Probable. Magnesium By similarity.
Pathway	Amine and polyamine biosynthesis; betaine biosynthesis via choline pathway; betaine aldehyde from choline (monooxygenase route): step 1/1.
Subunit structure	Homotrimer or homodimer Probable.
Subcellular location	Plastid › chloroplast stroma.
Tissue specificity	Expressed in leaves.
Induction	By salt stress.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the choline monooxygenase family. Contains 1 Rieske domain.
Mass spectrometry	Molecular mass is 42864±22 Da from positions 61 - 439. Determined by MALDI. Ref.1

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Stress response
Cellular component	Chloroplast Plastid
Domain	Transit peptide
Ligand	2Fe-2S Iron Iron-sulfur Magnesium Metal-binding
Molecular function	Monooxygenase Oxidoreductase
Technical term	Direct protein sequencing
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	cellular aromatic compound metabolic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro oxidation reduction Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW response to stress Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular component	chloroplast stroma Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Molecular function	2 iron, 2 sulfur cluster binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW choline monooxygenase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: EC electron carrier activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro iron ion binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW magnesium ion binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature key

Position(s)

Length

Description

Graphical view

Feature identifier

Molecule processing

Transit peptide

60

Chloroplast Ref.1

Chain

379

Choline monooxygenase, chloroplastic

PRO_0000020928

Regions

Domain

108

Rieske

Sites

Metal binding

1

Iron-sulfur (2Fe-2S) Probable

Metal binding

1

Iron-sulfur (2Fe-2S); via pros nitrogen Probable

Metal binding

1

Iron-sulfur (2Fe-2S) Probable

Metal binding

1

Iron-sulfur (2Fe-2S); via pros nitrogen Probable

Metal binding

1

Iron Potential

Metal binding

1

Iron Potential

Sequences

Sequence

Length

Mass (Da)

Tools

O04121-1 [UniParc].

Last modified July 1, 1997. Version 1.
Checksum: 3A99FF5B14BC8FDA
Show »

439

49,214

        10         20         30         40         50         60 
MMAASASATT MLLKYPTTVC GIPNPSSNNN NDPSNNIVSI PQNTTNPTLK SRTPNKITTN 

        70         80         90        100        110        120 
AVAAPSFPSL TTTTPSSIQS LVHEFDPQIP PEDAHTPPSS WYTEPAFYSH ELERIFYKGW 

       130        140        150        160        170        180 
QVAGISDQIK EPNQYFTGSL GNVEYLVSRD GEGKVHAFHN VCTHRASILA CGSGKKSCFV 

       190        200        210        220        230        240 
CPYHGWVYGM DGSLAKASKA KPEQNLDPKE LGLVPLKVAV WGPFVLISLD RSLEEGGDVG 

       250        260        270        280        290        300 
TEWLGTSAED VKAHAFDPSL QFIHRSEFPM ESNWKIFSDN YLDSSYHVPY AHKYYATELN 

       310        320        330        340        350        360 
FDTYDTQMIE NVTIQRVEGS SNKPDGFDRV GIQAFYAFAY PNFAVERYGP WMTTMHIHPL 

       370        380        390        400        410        420 
GPRKCKLVVD YYIENSMLDD KDYIEKGIAI NDNVQREDVV LCESVQRGLE TPAYRSGRYV 

       430 
MPIEKGIHHF HCWLQQTLK

References

[1]

"Choline monooxygenase, an unusual iron-sulfur enzyme catalyzing the first step of glycine betaine synthesis in plants: prosthetic group characterization and cDNA cloning."
Rathinasabapathi B., Burnet M., Russell B.L., Gage D.A., Liao P.-C., Nye G.J., Scott P., Golbeck J.H., Hanson A.D.
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94:3454-3458(1997) [PubMed: 9096415] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 61-84; 200-225; 253-288; 317-361; 367-379; 408-415 AND 419-438, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Strain: cv. Savoy hybrid 612.
Tissue: Leaf.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
	U85780 mRNA. Translation: AAB52509.1.
PIR	T09214.
3D structure databases
ModBase	Search...
Enzyme and pathway databases
BRENDA	1.14.15.7. 286.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR017941. Rieske_2Fe-2S. IPR001663. Rng_hydr_dOase-A. [Graphical view]
Gene3D	G3DSA:2.102.10.10. Rieske_reg. 1 hit.
PANTHER	PTHR21266:SF2. Rng_hydr_dOase-A. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF00355. Rieske. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PRINTS	PR00090. RNGDIOXGNASE.
PROSITE	PS51296. RIESKE. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

CHMO_SPIOL

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: O04121

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	April 3, 2002
Last sequence update:	July 1, 1997
Last modified:	June 16, 2009
This is version 59 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

PPAP (Plant Proteome Annotation Project)

Relevant documents

PATHWAY comments

Index of metabolic and biosynthesis pathways

SIMILARITY comments

Index of protein domains and families

Names and origin · Protein attributes · General annotation (Comments) · Ontologies · Sequence annotation (Features) · Sequences · References · Cross-references · Entry information · Relevant documents