Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot O04015 (P5CS_ACTDE)

Names and origin

Protein names	Recommended name:     Delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase       Short name=P5CS Including the following 2 domains:     1- Recommended name:             Glutamate 5-kinase                 Short name=GK               EC=2.7.2.11         Alternative name(s):             Gamma-glutamyl kinase     2- Recommended name:             Gamma-glutamyl phosphate reductase                 Short name=GPR               EC=1.2.1.41         Alternative name(s):             Glutamate-5-semialdehyde dehydrogenase             Glutamyl-gamma-semialdehyde dehydrogenase
Organism	Actinidia deliciosa (Kiwi)
Taxonomic identifier	3627 [NCBI]
Taxonomic lineage	Eukaryota › Viridiplantae › Streptophyta › Embryophyta › Tracheophyta › Spermatophyta › Magnoliophyta › eudicotyledons › core eudicotyledons › asterids › Ericales › Actinidiaceae › Actinidia

Protein attributes

Sequence length	717 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is not processed.
Protein existence	Evidence at transcript level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	P5CS plays a key role in proline biosynthesis, leading to osmoregulation in plants.
Catalytic activity	ATP + L-glutamate = ADP + L-glutamate 5-phosphate. L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + phosphate + NADP+ = L-glutamyl 5-phosphate + NADPH.
Enzyme regulation	Feedback regulated by proline.
Pathway	Amino-acid biosynthesis; L-proline biosynthesis; L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde from L-glutamate: step 1/2. Amino-acid biosynthesis; L-proline biosynthesis; L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde from L-glutamate: step 2/2.
Tissue specificity	Expressed at high levels in leaves and is inducible in roots subjected to salt stress.
Sequence similarities	In the N-terminal section; belongs to the glutamate 5-kinase family. In the C-terminal section; belongs to the gamma-glutamyl phosphate reductase family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Amino-acid biosynthesis Proline biosynthesis
Ligand	ATP-binding NADP Nucleotide-binding
Molecular function	Kinase Oxidoreductase Transferase
Technical term	Multifunctional enzyme
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	oxidation reduction Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW proline biosynthetic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular component	cytoplasm Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Molecular function	ATP binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW glutamate 5-kinase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: EC glutamate-5-semialdehyde dehydrogenase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: EC
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 717	717	Delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase		PRO_0000109774
Regions
	Region	1 – 296	296	Glutamate 5-kinase
	Region	297 – 717	421	Gamma-glutamyl phosphate reductase

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	O04015-1 [UniParc]. Last modified July 1, 1997. Version 1. Checksum: BC76103DB08C6F8C	FASTA	717	77,440
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MDAVDSTRAF VKGVKRVIIK VGTAVVTRAD GRLALGRLGA LCEQIHELNS QGFEVILVTS 70 80 90 100 110 120 GAVGVGRQRL RYRKLVNSSF ADLQKPQIEL DGKACAAVGQ NGLLALYDTL FSQLDVTSAQ 130 140 150 160 170 180 LLVTDNDFRD PEFRKQLTET VESLLNLKVI PIFNENDAVS TRKAPYEDAS GIFWDNDSLA 190 200 210 220 230 240 ALLALELKAD LLVLLSDVEG LYSGPPSDPQ SKLIHTYIKE MFEGLITFGD KSRVGRGGMT 250 260 270 280 290 300 AKVKAAVYAA HAGIPVVITS GYATNNIIKV LQGERIGTLF HRDAQKWAPV GDVGARDMAV 310 320 330 340 350 360 AARESSRRLQ AMSPQDRSKI LLDVADALEA NEKLIRIENE ADLAAAQQAG YEKSLISRLA 370 380 390 400 410 420 LKSGKISSLA KSIRVLANME EPIGHVLKRT EITDGLVLEK TSSPLGVLLI IFESRPDALV 430 440 450 460 470 480 QIASLAIRSG NGLVLKGGKE AKRSNAILHK VITSAIPENV GPRLIGLVTS REEIPDLLKL 490 500 510 520 530 540 DDVIDLVIPR GSNKLVSQIK ESTKIPVLGH ADGICHVYVD KSANMDMAKK VVLDAKTDYP 550 560 570 580 590 600 AACNAMETLL VHKDLVQNGC LDELIVELQI KGVVIHGGPR ASSLLHIPEA RSLHHEYSSL 610 620 630 640 650 660 ACTIEIVDDV YAAIDHIHRH GSAHTDSIIT EDHEVAEIFL RQVDSSSVLH NASTRFSDGA 670 680 690 700 710 RFGLGAEVGI STSRIHARGP VGVEGLLTTR WIARGSGQVV DGDKGIVYTH KDLTSHA

References

[1]	"Regulation of proline accumulation in kiwifruit buds with and without hydrogen cyanamide treatment." Walton E.F., Podivinsky E., Wu R.-M., Reynolds P.H.S., Young L.W. Physiol. Plantarum 102:171-178(1998) Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Tissue: Axillary bud.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	U92286 mRNA. Translation: AAC14481.1.
3D structure databases
HSSP	HSSP built from PDB template 1O20 based on UniProtKB Q9WYC9.
ModBase	Search...
Enzyme and pathway databases
BRENDA	1.2.1.41. 67098. 2.7.2.11. 67098.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR016163. Ald_DH_C. IPR016162. Ald_DH_N. IPR001048. Asp/Glu/Uridylate_kinase. IPR000965. Gglut_pp_reduct. IPR001057. Glu_5kinase. IPR019797. Glutamate_5-kinase_CS. IPR005766. P5_carboxy_syn. IPR005715. ProB. [Graphical view]
Gene3D	G3DSA:3.40.1160.10. Aa_kinase. 1 hit. G3DSA:3.40.309.10. Aldehyde_dehydrogenase_C. 1 hit. G3DSA:3.40.605.10. Aldehyde_dehydrogenase_N. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF00696. AA_kinase. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PIRSF	PIRSF036429. P5C_syn. 1 hit.
PRINTS	PR00474. GLU5KINASE.
TIGRFAMs	TIGR01092. P5CS. 1 hit. TIGR00407. proA. 1 hit. TIGR01027. proB. 1 hit.
PROSITE	PS00902. GLUTAMATE_5_KINASE. 1 hit. PS01223. PROA. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

P5CS_ACTDE

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: O04015

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	May 30, 2000
Last sequence update:	July 1, 1997
Last modified:	June 16, 2009
This is version 61 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

PPAP (Plant Proteome Annotation Project)