O02703 (BAX_BOVIN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Apoptosis regulator BAX

Gene names

Name:

BAX

Organism

Bos taurus (Bovine)

Taxonomic identifier

9913 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Laurasiatheria › Cetartiodactyla › Ruminantia › Pecora › Bovidae › Bovinae › Bos

Protein attributes

Sequence length	192 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at transcript level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Accelerates programmed cell death by binding to, and antagonizing the apoptosis repressor BCL2 or its adenovirus homolog E1B 19k protein. Under stress conditions, undergoes a conformation change that causes translocation to the mitochondrion membrane, leading to the release of cytochrome c that then triggers apoptosis. Promotes activation of CASP3, and thereby apoptosis. BAX deficiency leads to lymphoid hyperplasia and male sterility, because of the cessation of sperm production By similarity.
Subunit structure	Homodimer. Forms higher oligomers under stress conditions. Interacts with BCL2L11. Interaction with BCL2L11 promotes BAX oligomerization and association with mitochondrial membranes, with subsequent release of cytochrome c. Forms heterodimers with BCL2, E1B 19K protein, BCL2L1 isoform Bcl-X(L), BCL2L2, MCL1 and A1. Interacts with SH3GLB1 and HN. Interacts with SFN and YWHAZ; the interaction occurs in the cytoplasm. Under stress conditions, JNK-mediated phosphorylation of SFN and YWHAZ, releases BAX to mitochondria. Interacts with RNF144B, which regulates the ubiquitin-dependent stability of BAX. Interacts with CLU under stress conditions that cause a conformation change leading to BAX oligomerization and association with mitochondria. Does not interact with CLU in unstressed cells By similarity.
Subcellular location	Isoform Alpha: Mitochondrion membrane; Single-pass membrane protein By similarity. Cytoplasm By similarity. Note: Colocalizes with 14-3-3 proteins in the cytoplasm. Under stress conditions, undergoes a conformation change that causes release from JNK-phosphorylated 14-3-3 proteins and translocation to the mitochondrion membrane By similarity. Isoform Beta: Cytoplasm By similarity. Isoform Gamma: Cytoplasm By similarity.
Domain	Intact BH3 motif is required by BIK, BID, BAK, BAD and BAX for their pro-apoptotic activity and for their interaction with anti-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family By similarity.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the Bcl-2 family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Apoptosis
Cellular component	Cytoplasm Membrane Mitochondrion
Coding sequence diversity	Alternative splicing
Domain	Transmembrane Transmembrane helix
PTM	Acetylation
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	B cell apoptosis Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: BHF-UCL DNA fragmentation involved in apoptotic nuclear change Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: HGNC activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process by cytochrome c Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: HGNC cleavage of lamin Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: HGNC establishment or maintenance of transmembrane electrochemical gradient Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: HGNC induction of apoptosis by intracellular signals Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: HGNC induction of retinal programmed cell death Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: HGNC mitochondrial fragmentation involved in apoptosis Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: HGNC mitochondrial fusion Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: HGNC negative regulation of survival gene product expression Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: HGNC nuclear fragmentation involved in apoptotic nuclear change Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: HGNC positive regulation of neuron apoptosis Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: HGNC protein homooligomerization Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: HGNC regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: HGNC regulation of protein homodimerization activity Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: HGNC release of cytochrome c from mitochondria Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: HGNC release of matrix enzymes from mitochondria Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: HGNC response to toxin Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: HGNC transformed cell apoptosis Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: HGNC
Cellular component	endoplasmic reticulum membrane Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: HGNC mitochondrial permeability transition pore complex Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: HGNC
Molecular function	BH3 domain binding Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: HGNC lipid binding Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: HGNC protein homodimerization activity Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: HGNC
Complete GO annotation...

Alternative products

This entry describes 3 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Select]

Isoform Alpha (identifier: O02703-1)

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

Note: 21 kDa protein.

Isoform Beta (identifier: O02703-2)

The sequence of this isoform is not available.

Isoform Gamma (identifier: O02703-3)

The sequence of this isoform is not available.

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 192	192	Apoptosis regulator BAX		PRO_0000143052
Regions
	Transmembrane	172 – 192	21	Helical; Potential
	Motif	59 – 73	15	BH3
	Motif	98 – 118	21	BH1
	Motif	150 – 165	16	BH2
Amino acid modifications
	Modified residue	1	1	N-acetylmethionine By similarity

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Isoform Alpha [UniParc]. Last modified July 1, 1997. Version 1. Checksum: 6B4D5BABF1D5F87E	FASTA	192	21,259
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MDGSGEQPRG GGPTSSEQIM KTGALLLQGF IQDRAGRMGG ETPELGLEQV PQDASTKKLS 70 80 90 100 110 120 ECLKRIGDEL DSNMELQRMI AAVDTDSPRE VFFRVAAEMF SDGNFNWGRV VALFYFASKL 130 140 150 160 170 180 VLKALCTKVP ELIRTIMGWT LDFLRERLLG WIQDQGGWDG LLSYFGTPTW QTVTIFVAGV 190 LTASLTIWKK MG
	Isoform Beta (Sequence not available).		–	–
	Isoform Gamma (Sequence not available).		–	–

References

[1]	"Increased ratio of bcl-2/bax expression is associated with bovine leukemia virus-induced leukemogenesis in cattle." Reyes R.A., Cockerell G.L. Virology 242:184-192(1998) [PubMed: 9501056] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Strain: Holstein. Tissue: Thymus.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	U92569 mRNA. Translation: AAC48806.1.
IPI	IPI00686716.
RefSeq	NP_776319.1. NM_173894.1.
UniGene	Bt.91788.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	O02703.
SMR	O02703. Positions 1-192.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRING	O02703.
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	O02703.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENSBTAT00000017739; ENSBTAP00000017739; ENSBTAG00000013340.
GeneID	280730.
KEGG	bta:280730.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	581.
Phylogenomic databases
GeneTree	ENSGT00530000062935.
HOVERGEN	HBG003606.
InParanoid	O02703.
OrthoDB	EOG49CQ8P.
PhylomeDB	O02703.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR002475. Bcl2-like_apoptosis. IPR000712. Bcl2_BH. IPR020717. Bcl2_BH1_motif_CS. IPR020726. Bcl2_BH2_motif_CS. IPR020728. Bcl2_BH3_motif_CS. [Graphical view]
KO	K02159.
Pfam	PF00452. Bcl-2. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PRINTS	PR01862. BCL2FAMILY.
SMART	SM00337. BCL. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PROSITE	PS50062. BCL2_FAMILY. 1 hit. PS01080. BH1. 1 hit. PS01258. BH2. 1 hit. PS01259. BH3. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

BAX_BOVIN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: O02703

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	July 15, 1999
Last sequence update:	July 1, 1997
Last modified:	November 16, 2011
This is version 89 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program