O02703 (BAX_BOVIN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Apoptosis regulator BAX

Gene names

Name:

BAX

Organism

Bos taurus (Bovine) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9913 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Laurasiatheria › Cetartiodactyla › Ruminantia › Pecora › Bovidae › Bovinae › Bos

Protein attributes

Sequence length	192 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at transcript level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Accelerates programmed cell death by binding to, and antagonizing the apoptosis repressor BCL2 or its adenovirus homolog E1B 19k protein. Under stress conditions, undergoes a conformation change that causes translocation to the mitochondrion membrane, leading to the release of cytochrome c that then triggers apoptosis. Promotes activation of CASP3, and thereby apoptosis. BAX deficiency leads to lymphoid hyperplasia and male sterility, because of the cessation of sperm production By similarity.
Subunit structure	Homodimer. Forms higher oligomers under stress conditions. Interacts with BCL2L11. Interaction with BCL2L11 promotes BAX oligomerization and association with mitochondrial membranes, with subsequent release of cytochrome c. Forms heterodimers with BCL2, E1B 19K protein, BCL2L1 isoform Bcl-X(L), BCL2L2, MCL1 and A1. Interacts with SH3GLB1 and HN. Interacts with SFN and YWHAZ; the interaction occurs in the cytoplasm. Under stress conditions, JNK-mediated phosphorylation of SFN and YWHAZ, releases BAX to mitochondria. Interacts with RNF144B, which regulates the ubiquitin-dependent stability of BAX. Interacts with CLU under stress conditions that cause a conformation change leading to BAX oligomerization and association with mitochondria. Does not interact with CLU in unstressed cells By similarity. Interacts with FAIM2/LFG2 By similarity. Interacts with BOP By similarity.
Subcellular location	Isoform Alpha: Mitochondrion membrane; Single-pass membrane protein By similarity. Cytoplasm By similarity. Note: Colocalizes with 14-3-3 proteins in the cytoplasm. Under stress conditions, undergoes a conformation change that causes release from JNK-phosphorylated 14-3-3 proteins and translocation to the mitochondrion membrane By similarity. Isoform Beta: Cytoplasm By similarity. Isoform Gamma: Cytoplasm By similarity.
Domain	Intact BH3 motif is required by BIK, BID, BAK, BAD and BAX for their pro-apoptotic activity and for their interaction with anti-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family By similarity.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the Bcl-2 family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Apoptosis
Cellular component	Cytoplasm Membrane Mitochondrion
Coding sequence diversity	Alternative splicing
Domain	Transmembrane Transmembrane helix
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	B cell apoptotic process Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB B cell homeostasis Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara B cell homeostatic proliferation Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara B cell negative selection Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara Sertoli cell proliferation Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara T cell homeostatic proliferation Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process by cytochrome c Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB apoptotic DNA fragmentation Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB blood vessel remodeling Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara cellular response to UV Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara cellular response to organic substance Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara cerebral cortex development Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara cleavage of lamin involved in execution phase of apoptosis Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB development of secondary sexual characteristics Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara establishment or maintenance of transmembrane electrochemical gradient Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB fertilization Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara germ cell development Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara germ cell programmed cell death Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara glycosphingolipid metabolic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara homeostasis of number of cells within a tissue Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara hypothalamus development Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara induction of apoptosis Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB kidney development Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara limb morphogenesis Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara mitochondrial fragmentation involved in apoptotic process Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB mitochondrial fusion Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB myeloid cell homeostasis Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara negative regulation of fibroblast proliferation Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara negative regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara negative regulation of protein binding Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB neuron apoptotic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara neuron migration Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara nuclear fragmentation involved in apoptotic nuclear change Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB odontogenesis of dentin-containing tooth Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara ovarian follicle development Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara positive regulation of B cell apoptotic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara positive regulation of apoptotic process involved in mammary gland involution Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara positive regulation of developmental pigmentation Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara positive regulation of endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB positive regulation of protein oligomerization Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB positive regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara post-embryonic camera-type eye morphogenesis Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara protein homooligomerization Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: HGNC protein insertion into mitochondrial membrane involved in apoptotic signaling pathway Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara reduction of endoplasmic reticulum calcium ion concentration Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara regulation of cell cycle Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara regulation of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB regulation of nitrogen utilization Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara regulation of protein heterodimerization activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara regulation of protein homodimerization activity Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB release of cytochrome c from mitochondria Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB release of matrix enzymes from mitochondria Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB response to DNA damage stimulus Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara response to acid Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara response to axon injury Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara response to gamma radiation Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara response to salt stress Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara response to toxic substance Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB retina development in camera-type eye Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara retinal cell apoptotic process Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB retinal cell programmed cell death Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara spermatid differentiation Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara transformed cell apoptotic process Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB vagina development Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara
Cellular_component	BAX complex Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB cytosol Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB cytosolic part Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara endoplasmic reticulum membrane Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB mitochondrial outer membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara mitochondrial permeability transition pore complex Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB nucleus Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB
Molecular_function	BH3 domain binding Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB channel activity Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB lipid binding Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB protein homodimerization activity Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: HGNC
Complete GO annotation...

Alternative products

This entry describes 3 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Select]

Isoform Alpha (identifier: O02703-1)

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

Note: 21 kDa protein.

Isoform Beta (identifier: O02703-2)

The sequence of this isoform is not available.

Isoform Gamma (identifier: O02703-3)

The sequence of this isoform is not available.

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 192	192	Apoptosis regulator BAX		PRO_0000143052
Regions
	Transmembrane	172 – 192	21	Helical; Potential
	Motif	59 – 73	15	BH3
	Motif	98 – 118	21	BH1
	Motif	150 – 165	16	BH2

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Isoform Alpha [UniParc]. Last modified July 1, 1997. Version 1. Checksum: 6B4D5BABF1D5F87E	FASTA	192	21,259
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MDGSGEQPRG GGPTSSEQIM KTGALLLQGF IQDRAGRMGG ETPELGLEQV PQDASTKKLS 70 80 90 100 110 120 ECLKRIGDEL DSNMELQRMI AAVDTDSPRE VFFRVAAEMF SDGNFNWGRV VALFYFASKL 130 140 150 160 170 180 VLKALCTKVP ELIRTIMGWT LDFLRERLLG WIQDQGGWDG LLSYFGTPTW QTVTIFVAGV 190 LTASLTIWKK MG
	Isoform Beta (Sequence not available).		–	–
	Isoform Gamma (Sequence not available).		–	–

References

[1]	"Increased ratio of bcl-2/bax expression is associated with bovine leukemia virus-induced leukemogenesis in cattle." Reyes R.A., Cockerell G.L. Virology 242:184-192(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Strain: Holstein. Tissue: Thymus.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	U92569 mRNA. Translation: AAC48806.1.
IPI	IPI00686716.
RefSeq	NP_776319.1. NM_173894.1. XP_003585251.1. XM_003585203.1.
UniGene	Bt.109788.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	O02703.
SMR	O02703. Positions 1-192.
ModBase	Search...
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	O02703.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENSBTAT00000017739; ENSBTAP00000017739; ENSBTAG00000013340.
GeneID	100850136. 280730.
KEGG	bta:100850136. bta:280730.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	581.
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	NOG46695.
GeneTree	ENSGT00530000062935.
HOGENOM	HOG000095178.
HOVERGEN	HBG003606.
InParanoid	O02703.
KO	K02159.
OMA	GWIQEQG.
OrthoDB	EOG49CQ8P.
Enzyme and pathway databases
BioCyc	CATTLE:280730-MONOMER. CATTLE:785708-MONOMER.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	O02703.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR026304. BAX. IPR002475. Bcl2-like. IPR020717. Bcl2_BH1_motif_CS. IPR020726. Bcl2_BH2_motif_CS. IPR020728. Bcl2_BH3_motif_CS. IPR026298. Blc2_fam. [Graphical view]
PANTHER	PTHR11256. PTHR11256. 1 hit. PTHR11256:SF9. PTHR11256:SF9. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF00452. Bcl-2. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PRINTS	PR01862. BCL2FAMILY.
PROSITE	PS50062. BCL2_FAMILY. 1 hit. PS01080. BH1. 1 hit. PS01258. BH2. 1 hit. PS01259. BH3. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
NextBio	20804905.

Entry information

Entry name

BAX_BOVIN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: O02703

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	July 15, 1999
Last sequence update:	July 1, 1997
Last modified:	May 29, 2013
This is version 103 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program