ID PIR_HUMAN Reviewed; 290 AA. AC O00625; Q5U0G0; Q6FHD2; DT 01-JUN-2001, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot. DT 01-JUL-1997, sequence version 1. DT 24-JAN-2024, entry version 183. DE RecName: Full=Pirin; DE EC=1.13.11.24 {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15951572}; DE AltName: Full=Probable quercetin 2,3-dioxygenase PIR; DE Short=Probable quercetinase; GN Name=PIR; OS Homo sapiens (Human). OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; OC Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; OC Homo. OX NCBI_TaxID=9606; RN [1] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], PROPOSED FUNCTION, SUBUNIT, SUBCELLULAR RP LOCATION, AND TISSUE SPECIFICITY. RC TISSUE=Cervix carcinoma; RX PubMed=9079676; DOI=10.1074/jbc.272.13.8482; RA Wendler W.M.F., Kremmer E., Foerster R., Winnacker E.-L.; RT "Identification of pirin, a novel highly conserved nuclear protein."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 272:8482-8489(1997). RN [2] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. RA Ebert L., Schick M., Neubert P., Schatten R., Henze S., Korn B.; RT "Cloning of human full open reading frames in Gateway(TM) system entry RT vector (pDONR201)."; RL Submitted (JUN-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. RN [3] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. RA Kalnine N., Chen X., Rolfs A., Halleck A., Hines L., Eisenstein S., RA Koundinya M., Raphael J., Moreira D., Kelley T., LaBaer J., Lin Y., RA Phelan M., Farmer A.; RT "Cloning of human full-length CDSs in BD Creator(TM) system donor vector."; RL Submitted (OCT-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. RN [4] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. RC TISSUE=Placenta; RX PubMed=15489334; DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504; RG The MGC Project Team; RT "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: RT the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)."; RL Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004). RN [5] RP INTERACTION WITH BCL3, AND IDENTIFICATION IN A COMPLEX WITH BLC3; NFKB1; RP PIR AND TARGET DNA. RX PubMed=10362352; DOI=10.1038/sj.onc.1202717; RA Dechend R., Hirano F., Lehmann K., Heissmeyer V., Ansieau S., Wulczyn F.G., RA Scheidereit C., Leutz A.; RT "The Bcl-3 oncoprotein acts as a bridging factor between NF-kappaB/Rel and RT nuclear co-regulators."; RL Oncogene 18:3316-3323(1999). RN [6] RP CATALYTIC ACTIVITY, ACTIVITY REGULATION, AND FUNCTION. RX PubMed=15951572; DOI=10.1074/jbc.m501034200; RA Adams M., Jia Z.; RT "Structural and biochemical analysis reveal pirins to possess quercetinase RT activity."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 280:28675-28682(2005). RN [7] RP FUNCTION, AND INDUCTION. RX PubMed=17288615; DOI=10.1186/1465-9921-8-10; RA Gelbman B.D., Heguy A., O'Connor T.P., Zabner J., Crystal R.G.; RT "Upregulation of pirin expression by chronic cigarette smoking is RT associated with bronchial epithelial cell apoptosis."; RL Respir. Res. 8:10-10(2007). RN [8] RP SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, AND TISSUE SPECIFICITY. RX PubMed=20089166; DOI=10.1186/1471-2121-11-5; RA Licciulli S., Luise C., Zanardi A., Giorgetti L., Viale G., Lanfrancone L., RA Carbone R., Alcalay M.; RT "Pirin delocalization in melanoma progression identified by high content RT immuno-detection based approaches."; RL BMC Cell Biol. 11:5-5(2010). RN [9] RP POSSIBLE INFLUENCE OF PIR POLYMORPHISMS ON BONE MINERAL DENSITY. RX PubMed=19766747; DOI=10.1016/j.bone.2009.09.012; RA Tang N.L., Liao C.D., Ching J.K., Suen E.W., Chan I.H., Orwoll E., Ho S.C., RA Chan F.W., Kwok A.W., Kwok T., Woo J., Leung P.C.; RT "Sex-specific effect of Pirin gene on bone mineral density in a cohort of RT 4000 Chinese."; RL Bone 46:543-550(2010). RN [10] RP FUNCTION, AND INDUCTION. RX PubMed=20010624; DOI=10.1038/leu.2009.247; RA Licciulli S., Cambiaghi V., Scafetta G., Gruszka A.M., Alcalay M.; RT "Pirin downregulation is a feature of AML and leads to impairment of RT terminal myeloid differentiation."; RL Leukemia 24:429-437(2010). RN [11] RP IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]. RX PubMed=21269460; DOI=10.1186/1752-0509-5-17; RA Burkard T.R., Planyavsky M., Kaupe I., Breitwieser F.P., Buerckstuemmer T., RA Bennett K.L., Superti-Furga G., Colinge J.; RT "Initial characterization of the human central proteome."; RL BMC Syst. Biol. 5:17-17(2011). RN [12] RP IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]. RX PubMed=22814378; DOI=10.1073/pnas.1210303109; RA Van Damme P., Lasa M., Polevoda B., Gazquez C., Elosegui-Artola A., RA Kim D.S., De Juan-Pardo E., Demeyer K., Hole K., Larrea E., Timmerman E., RA Prieto J., Arnesen T., Sherman F., Gevaert K., Aldabe R.; RT "N-terminal acetylome analyses and functional insights of the N-terminal RT acetyltransferase NatB."; RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 109:12449-12454(2012). RN [13] RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.1 ANGSTROMS) IN COMPLEX WITH IRON IONS, AND RP COFACTOR. RX PubMed=14573596; DOI=10.1074/jbc.m310022200; RA Pang H., Bartlam M., Zeng Q., Miyatake H., Hisano T., Miki K., Wong L.L., RA Gao G.F., Rao Z.; RT "Crystal structure of human pirin: an iron-binding nuclear protein and RT transcription cofactor."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 279:1491-1498(2004). RN [14] RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.35 ANGSTROMS) IN COMPLEX WITH A SYNTHETIC RP INHIBITOR AND IRON IONS, INTERACTION WITH BCL3, COFACTOR, AND FUNCTION. RX PubMed=20711196; DOI=10.1038/nchembio.423; RA Miyazaki I., Simizu S., Okumura H., Takagi S., Osada H.; RT "A small-molecule inhibitor shows that pirin regulates migration of RT melanoma cells."; RL Nat. Chem. Biol. 6:667-673(2010). RN [15] RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (1.56 ANGSTROMS), AND FUNCTION. RX PubMed=23716661; DOI=10.1073/pnas.1221743110; RA Liu F., Rehmani I., Esaki S., Fu R., Chen L., de Serrano V., Liu A.; RT "Pirin is an iron-dependent redox regulator of NF-kappaB."; RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 110:9722-9727(2013). CC -!- FUNCTION: Transcriptional coregulator of NF-kappa-B which facilitates CC binding of NF-kappa-B proteins to target kappa-B genes in a redox- CC state-dependent manner. May be required for efficient terminal myeloid CC maturation of hematopoietic cells. Has quercetin 2,3-dioxygenase CC activity (in vitro). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15951572, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:17288615, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20010624, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:20711196, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23716661}. CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: CC Reaction=O2 + quercetin = 2-(3,4-dihydroxybenzoyloxy)-4,6- CC dihydroxybenzoate + CO; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:15381, ChEBI:CHEBI:15379, CC ChEBI:CHEBI:17245, ChEBI:CHEBI:57628, ChEBI:CHEBI:57694; CC EC=1.13.11.24; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:15951572}; CC -!- COFACTOR: CC Name=Fe cation; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:24875; CC Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:14573596, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20711196}; CC Note=Binds 1 Fe cation per subunit. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14573596, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:20711196}; CC -!- ACTIVITY REGULATION: Inhibited by kojic acid, sodium CC diethyldithiocarbamate and 1,10-phenanthroline monohydrochloride. CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15951572}. CC -!- PATHWAY: Flavonoid metabolism; quercetin degradation. CC {ECO:0000305|PubMed:15951572}. CC -!- SUBUNIT: May interact with NF1/CTF1. Interacts with BCL3. Identified in CC a complex comprised of PIR, BLC3, NFKB1 and target DNA. CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10362352, ECO:0000269|PubMed:14573596, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:20711196, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9079676}. CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20089166, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:9079676}. Cytoplasm {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20089166}. CC Note=Predominantly localized in dot-like subnuclear structures. CC Cytoplasmic localization of PIR seems to positively correlate with CC melanoma progression. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20089166, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:9079676}. CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Highly expressed in a subset of melanomas. Detected CC at very low levels in most tissues (at protein level). Expressed in all CC tissues, with highest level of expression in heart and liver. CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20089166, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9079676}. CC -!- INDUCTION: Up-regulated in CD34(+) cells upon myelomonocytic CC differentiation. Down-regulated in many acute myeloid leukemias. Up- CC regulated in primary bronchial epithelial cells exposed to cigarette CC smoke extract. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17288615, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:20010624}. CC -!- POLYMORPHISM: Genetic variations in PIR might have a sex-specific CC influence on bone mineral density differences in some populations, as CC reported by PubMed:19766747. In a cohort of 4000 Chinese, a significant CC statistical association has been identified, in women but not in men, CC between the intronic SNP rs5935970 and lumbar spine bone mineral CC density, and between a haplotype composed of three SNPs with bone CC mineral density at other sites. {ECO:0000305|PubMed:19766747}. CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the pirin family. {ECO:0000305}. CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CC Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms CC Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- DR EMBL; Y07868; CAA69195.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; Y07867; CAA69194.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; CR541822; CAG46621.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; BT019583; AAV38390.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; BT019584; AAV38391.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; BC002517; AAH02517.1; -; mRNA. DR CCDS; CCDS14167.1; -. DR RefSeq; NP_001018119.1; NM_001018109.2. DR RefSeq; NP_003653.1; NM_003662.3. DR PDB; 1J1L; X-ray; 2.10 A; A=1-290. DR PDB; 3ACL; X-ray; 2.35 A; A=2-290. DR PDB; 4ERO; X-ray; 2.65 A; A=1-290. DR PDB; 4EWA; X-ray; 2.47 A; A=1-290. DR PDB; 4EWD; X-ray; 2.15 A; A=1-290. DR PDB; 4EWE; X-ray; 1.56 A; A=1-290. DR PDB; 4GUL; X-ray; 1.80 A; A=3-290. DR PDB; 4HLT; X-ray; 1.70 A; A=3-290. DR PDB; 5JCT; X-ray; 1.73 A; A=1-290. DR PDB; 6H1H; X-ray; 1.54 A; A=1-290. DR PDB; 6H1I; X-ray; 1.69 A; A=1-290. DR PDB; 6N0J; X-ray; 1.79 A; A=2-290. DR PDB; 6N0K; X-ray; 1.46 A; A=2-290. DR PDBsum; 1J1L; -. DR PDBsum; 3ACL; -. DR PDBsum; 4ERO; -. DR PDBsum; 4EWA; -. DR PDBsum; 4EWD; -. DR PDBsum; 4EWE; -. DR PDBsum; 4GUL; -. DR PDBsum; 4HLT; -. DR PDBsum; 5JCT; -. DR PDBsum; 6H1H; -. DR PDBsum; 6H1I; -. DR PDBsum; 6N0J; -. DR PDBsum; 6N0K; -. DR AlphaFoldDB; O00625; -. DR SMR; O00625; -. DR BioGRID; 114114; 82. DR IntAct; O00625; 6. DR MINT; O00625; -. DR STRING; 9606.ENSP00000369786; -. DR BindingDB; O00625; -. DR ChEMBL; CHEMBL2010627; -. DR iPTMnet; O00625; -. DR PhosphoSitePlus; O00625; -. DR BioMuta; PIR; -. DR EPD; O00625; -. DR jPOST; O00625; -. DR MassIVE; O00625; -. DR MaxQB; O00625; -. DR PaxDb; 9606-ENSP00000369786; -. DR PeptideAtlas; O00625; -. DR ProteomicsDB; 47999; -. DR Pumba; O00625; -. DR TopDownProteomics; O00625; -. DR Antibodypedia; 358; 225 antibodies from 31 providers. DR DNASU; 8544; -. DR Ensembl; ENST00000380420.10; ENSP00000369785.5; ENSG00000087842.11. DR Ensembl; ENST00000380421.3; ENSP00000369786.3; ENSG00000087842.11. DR GeneID; 8544; -. DR KEGG; hsa:8544; -. DR MANE-Select; ENST00000380420.10; ENSP00000369785.5; NM_001018109.3; NP_001018119.1. DR UCSC; uc004cwu.5; human. DR AGR; HGNC:30048; -. DR CTD; 8544; -. DR DisGeNET; 8544; -. DR GeneCards; PIR; -. DR HGNC; HGNC:30048; PIR. DR HPA; ENSG00000087842; Low tissue specificity. DR MIM; 300931; gene. DR neXtProt; NX_O00625; -. DR OpenTargets; ENSG00000087842; -. DR PharmGKB; PA134870022; -. DR VEuPathDB; HostDB:ENSG00000087842; -. DR eggNOG; ENOG502QQ5A; Eukaryota. DR GeneTree; ENSGT00390000008044; -. DR HOGENOM; CLU_045717_0_1_1; -. DR InParanoid; O00625; -. DR OMA; TPWHPHR; -. DR OrthoDB; 47035at2759; -. DR PhylomeDB; O00625; -. DR TreeFam; TF300002; -. DR PathwayCommons; O00625; -. DR Reactome; R-HSA-8935690; Digestion. DR SignaLink; O00625; -. DR UniPathway; UPA00724; -. DR BioGRID-ORCS; 8544; 4 hits in 783 CRISPR screens. DR ChiTaRS; PIR; human. DR EvolutionaryTrace; O00625; -. DR GeneWiki; PIR_(gene); -. DR GenomeRNAi; 8544; -. DR Pharos; O00625; Tchem. DR PRO; PR:O00625; -. DR Proteomes; UP000005640; Chromosome X. DR RNAct; O00625; Protein. DR Bgee; ENSG00000087842; Expressed in C1 segment of cervical spinal cord and 186 other cell types or tissues. DR ExpressionAtlas; O00625; baseline and differential. DR GO; GO:0005737; C:cytoplasm; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0005829; C:cytosol; IDA:HPA. DR GO; GO:0016604; C:nuclear body; IDA:HPA. DR GO; GO:0005654; C:nucleoplasm; IDA:HPA. DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0046872; F:metal ion binding; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0008127; F:quercetin 2,3-dioxygenase activity; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0003712; F:transcription coregulator activity; IMP:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0007586; P:digestion; TAS:Reactome. DR GO; GO:0030224; P:monocyte differentiation; IMP:MGI. DR GO; GO:0006366; P:transcription by RNA polymerase II; TAS:ProtInc. DR CDD; cd20288; cupin_pirin-like_C; 1. DR CDD; cd02909; cupin_pirin_N; 1. DR Gene3D; 2.60.120.10; Jelly Rolls; 2. DR InterPro; IPR012093; Pirin. DR InterPro; IPR008778; Pirin_C_dom. DR InterPro; IPR003829; Pirin_N_dom. DR InterPro; IPR014710; RmlC-like_jellyroll. DR InterPro; IPR011051; RmlC_Cupin_sf. DR PANTHER; PTHR13903:SF8; PIRIN; 1. DR PANTHER; PTHR13903; PIRIN-RELATED; 1. DR Pfam; PF02678; Pirin; 1. DR Pfam; PF05726; Pirin_C; 1. DR PIRSF; PIRSF006232; Pirin; 1. DR SUPFAM; SSF51182; RmlC-like cupins; 1. DR UCD-2DPAGE; O00625; -. DR Genevisible; O00625; HS. PE 1: Evidence at protein level; KW 3D-structure; Cytoplasm; Dioxygenase; Iron; Metal-binding; Nucleus; KW Oxidoreductase; Reference proteome; Transcription; KW Transcription regulation. FT CHAIN 1..290 FT /note="Pirin" FT /id="PRO_0000214051" FT BINDING 56 FT /ligand="Fe cation" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:24875" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:14573596, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:20711196, ECO:0007744|PDB:1J1L, FT ECO:0007744|PDB:3ACL" FT BINDING 58 FT /ligand="Fe cation" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:24875" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:14573596, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:20711196, ECO:0007744|PDB:1J1L, FT ECO:0007744|PDB:3ACL" FT BINDING 101 FT /ligand="Fe cation" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:24875" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:14573596, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:20711196, ECO:0007744|PDB:1J1L, FT ECO:0007744|PDB:3ACL" FT BINDING 103 FT /ligand="Fe cation" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:24875" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:14573596, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:20711196, ECO:0007744|PDB:1J1L, FT ECO:0007744|PDB:3ACL" FT VARIANT 228 FT /note="V -> A (in dbSNP:rs34104000)" FT /id="VAR_050543" FT CONFLICT 24 FT /note="V -> D (in Ref. 2; CAG46621)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" FT CONFLICT 162 FT /note="K -> R (in Ref. 2; CAG46621)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" FT STRAND 7..12 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6N0K" FT STRAND 15..18 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6N0K" FT STRAND 22..26 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6N0K" FT HELIX 31..33 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:5JCT" FT STRAND 39..47 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6N0K" FT STRAND 52..67 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6N0K" FT STRAND 69..71 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6N0J" FT STRAND 73..77 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6N0K" FT STRAND 82..85 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6N0K" FT STRAND 90..94 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6N0K" FT STRAND 99..105 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6N0K" FT STRAND 107..109 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6N0K" FT STRAND 111..119 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6N0K" FT HELIX 122..124 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6N0K" FT STRAND 130..134 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6N0K" FT HELIX 136..138 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6N0K" FT STRAND 147..156 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6N0K" FT STRAND 169..176 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6N0K" FT STRAND 181..185 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6N0K" FT STRAND 191..199 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6N0K" FT STRAND 201..204 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6N0K" FT HELIX 206..208 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6H1I" FT STRAND 210..212 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6N0K" FT STRAND 216..220 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6N0K" FT STRAND 222..229 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6N0K" FT STRAND 232..234 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6N0K" FT STRAND 236..243 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6N0K" FT STRAND 251..253 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6N0K" FT STRAND 256..260 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6N0K" FT HELIX 261..273 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6N0K" FT HELIX 279..281 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6N0K" FT TURN 287..289 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4EWA" SQ SEQUENCE 290 AA; 32113 MW; D06AC100F356496D CRC64; MGSSKKVTLS VLSREQSEGV GARVRRSIGR PELKNLDPFL LFDEFKGGRP GGFPDHPHRG FETVSYLLEG GSMAHEDFCG HTGKMNPGDL QWMTAGRGIL HAEMPCSEEP AHGLQLWVNL RSSEKMVEPQ YQELKSEEIP KPSKDGVTVA VISGEALGIK SKVYTRTPTL YLDFKLDPGA KHSQPIPKGW TSFIYTISGD VYIGPDDAQQ KIEPHHTAVL GEGDSVQVEN KDPKRSHFVL IAGEPLREPV IQHGPFVMNT NEEISQAILD FRNAKNGFER AKTWKSKIGN //