A7MB78 (GYS1_BOVIN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Glycogen [starch] synthase, muscle
EC=2.4.1.11

Gene names

Name:

GYS1

Organism

Bos taurus (Bovine) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9913 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Laurasiatheria › Cetartiodactyla › Ruminantia › Pecora › Bovidae › Bovinae › Bos

Protein attributes

Sequence length	736 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at transcript level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Transfers the glycosyl residue from UDP-Glc to the non-reducing end of alpha-1,4-glucan By similarity.
Catalytic activity	UDP-glucose ((1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl)(n) = UDP + ((1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl)(n+1).
Enzyme regulation	Allosteric activation by glucose-6-phosphate. Phosphorylation reduces the activity towards UDP-glucose. When in the non-phosphorylated state, glycogen synthase does not require glucose-6-phosphate as an allosteric activator; when phosphorylated it does By similarity.
Pathway	Glycan biosynthesis; glycogen biosynthesis.
Subunit structure	Interacts with GYG1 By similarity.
Post-translational modification	Phosphorylation at Ser-8 by AMPK inactivates the enzyme activity. Primed phosphorylation at Ser-657 (site 5) by CSNK2A1 and CSNK2A2 is required for inhibitory phosphorylation at Ser-641 (site 3a), Ser-645 (site 3b), Ser-649 (site 3c) and Ser-653 (site 4) by GSK3A an GSK3B. Phosphorylated at Ser-641 by PASK, leading to inactivation; phosphorylation by PASK is inhibited by glycogen. Phosphorylated at Ser-641 by DYRK2, leading to inactivation. Dephosphorylation at Ser-641 and Ser-645 by PP1 activates the enzyme By similarity.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 3 family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Glycogen biosynthesis
Molecular function	Glycosyltransferase Transferase
PTM	Phosphoprotein
Technical term	Allosteric enzyme Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	glycogen biosynthetic process Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB heart development Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara
Cellular_component	cytoplasm Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara inclusion body Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara
Molecular_function	glycogen (starch) synthase activity Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Initiator methionine	1	1	Removed By similarity
	Chain	2 – 736	735	Glycogen [starch] synthase, muscle		PRO_0000358311
Sites
	Binding site	39	1	UDP-glucose By similarity
Amino acid modifications
	Modified residue	8	1	Phosphoserine; by AMPK and PKA By similarity
	Modified residue	11	1	Phosphoserine By similarity
	Modified residue	641	1	Phosphoserine; by DYRK2, GSK3-alpha, GSK3-beta and PASK By similarity
	Modified residue	645	1	Phosphoserine; by GSK3-alpha and GSK3-beta By similarity
	Modified residue	649	1	Phosphoserine; by GSK3-alpha and GSK3-beta By similarity
	Modified residue	653	1	Phosphoserine; by GSK3-alpha and GSK3-beta By similarity
	Modified residue	657	1	Phosphoserine; by CK2 By similarity
	Modified residue	698	1	Phosphoserine By similarity
	Modified residue	726	1	Phosphoserine By similarity

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	A7MB78 [UniParc]. Last modified October 2, 2007. Version 1. Checksum: 22300D8723EF94BD	FASTA	736	83,814
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MPLNRTLSMS SLPGLEDWED EFDLENTVLF EVAWEVANKV GGIYTVLQTK AKVTGDEWGD 70 80 90 100 110 120 NYYLVGPYTE QGVRTQVELL EPPTPALKRT LDSMNSKGCK VYFGRWLIEG GPLVVLLDVG 130 140 150 160 170 180 ASAWALERWK GELWDTCNIG VPWYDREAND AVLFGFLTTW FLGEFLAQSE EKPHVVAHFH 190 200 210 220 230 240 EWLAGVGLCL CRARRLPVAT IFTTHATLLG RYLCAGAVDF YNNLENFNVD KEAGERQIYH 250 260 270 280 290 300 RYCMERAAAH CAHVFTTVSQ ITAIEAQHLL KRKPDIVTPN GLNVKKFSAM HEFQNLHAQS 310 320 330 340 350 360 KARIQEFVRG HFYGHLDFNL DKTLYFFIAG RYEFSNKGAD VFLEALARLN YLLRVNGSEQ 370 380 390 400 410 420 TVVAFFIMPA RTNNFNVETL KGQAVRKQLW DTANTVKEKF GRKLYESLLV GSLPDMNKML 430 440 450 460 470 480 DKEDFTMMKR AIFATQRQSF PPVCTHNMLD DSSDPILTTI RRIGLFNSSA DRVKVIFHPE 490 500 510 520 530 540 FLSSTSPLLP VDYEEFVRGC HLGVFPSYYE PWGYTPAECT VMGIPSVSTN LSGFGCFMEE 550 560 570 580 590 600 HIADPSAYGI YILDRRFRSL DDSCSQLTSF LYSFCQQSRR QRIIQRNRTE RLSDLLDWKY 610 620 630 640 650 660 LGRYYMSARH MALAKAFPEY FTYEPHEADA TQGYRYPRPA SVPPSPSLSR HSSPHQSEDE 670 680 690 700 710 720 EEPRDLPPDE DDERYDEDEE AAKDRRNIRA PEWPRRASCT SSTGSKRGSV DTAPSSSVST 730 PSEPLSPASS LGEERN

References

[1]	NIH - Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) project Submitted (JUL-2007) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Strain: Hereford. Tissue: Fetal muscle.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	BC151381 mRNA. Translation: AAI51382.1.
IPI	IPI00823588.
RefSeq	NP_001094769.1. NM_001101299.1.
UniGene	Bt.102939.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	A7MB78.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRING	9913.ENSBTAP00000007423.
Protein family/group databases
CAZy	GT3. Glycosyltransferase Family 3.
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	A7MB78.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENSBTAT00000007423; ENSBTAP00000007423; ENSBTAG00000039958.
GeneID	786335.
KEGG	bta:786335.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	2997.
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	COG0438.
GeneTree	ENSGT00390000018612.
HOGENOM	HOG000160890.
HOVERGEN	HBG001960.
InParanoid	A7MB78.
KO	K00693.
OMA	HEWLAGL.
OrthoDB	EOG4C2H91.
Enzyme and pathway databases
UniPathway	UPA00164.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR008631. Glycogen_synth. [Graphical view]
PANTHER	PTHR10176. PTHR10176. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF05693. Glycogen_syn. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
NextBio	20927821.

Entry information

Entry name

GYS1_BOVIN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: A7MB78

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	December 16, 2008
Last sequence update:	October 2, 2007
Last modified:	April 3, 2013
This is version 40 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program