ID METH_MOUSE Reviewed; 1253 AA. AC A6H5Y3; Q3UQP2; DT 15-JAN-2008, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot. DT 24-JUL-2007, sequence version 1. DT 27-MAR-2024, entry version 131. DE RecName: Full=Methionine synthase; DE Short=MS; DE EC=2.1.1.13 {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9Z2Q4}; DE AltName: Full=5-methyltetrahydrofolate--homocysteine methyltransferase; DE AltName: Full=Cobalamin-dependent methionine synthase; DE AltName: Full=Vitamin-B12 dependent methionine synthase; GN Name=Mtr {ECO:0000312|MGI:MGI:894292}; OS Mus musculus (Mouse). OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; OC Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; OC Murinae; Mus; Mus. OX NCBI_TaxID=10090; RN [1] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. RC TISSUE=Brain; RX PubMed=15489334; DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504; RG The MGC Project Team; RT "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: RT the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)."; RL Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004). RN [2] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 1-738. RC STRAIN=C57BL/6J; TISSUE=Heart; RX PubMed=16141072; DOI=10.1126/science.1112014; RA Carninci P., Kasukawa T., Katayama S., Gough J., Frith M.C., Maeda N., RA Oyama R., Ravasi T., Lenhard B., Wells C., Kodzius R., Shimokawa K., RA Bajic V.B., Brenner S.E., Batalov S., Forrest A.R., Zavolan M., Davis M.J., RA Wilming L.G., Aidinis V., Allen J.E., Ambesi-Impiombato A., Apweiler R., RA Aturaliya R.N., Bailey T.L., Bansal M., Baxter L., Beisel K.W., Bersano T., RA Bono H., Chalk A.M., Chiu K.P., Choudhary V., Christoffels A., RA Clutterbuck D.R., Crowe M.L., Dalla E., Dalrymple B.P., de Bono B., RA Della Gatta G., di Bernardo D., Down T., Engstrom P., Fagiolini M., RA Faulkner G., Fletcher C.F., Fukushima T., Furuno M., Futaki S., RA Gariboldi M., Georgii-Hemming P., Gingeras T.R., Gojobori T., Green R.E., RA Gustincich S., Harbers M., Hayashi Y., Hensch T.K., Hirokawa N., Hill D., RA Huminiecki L., Iacono M., Ikeo K., Iwama A., Ishikawa T., Jakt M., RA Kanapin A., Katoh M., Kawasawa Y., Kelso J., Kitamura H., Kitano H., RA Kollias G., Krishnan S.P., Kruger A., Kummerfeld S.K., Kurochkin I.V., RA Lareau L.F., Lazarevic D., Lipovich L., Liu J., Liuni S., McWilliam S., RA Madan Babu M., Madera M., Marchionni L., Matsuda H., Matsuzawa S., Miki H., RA Mignone F., Miyake S., Morris K., Mottagui-Tabar S., Mulder N., Nakano N., RA Nakauchi H., Ng P., Nilsson R., Nishiguchi S., Nishikawa S., Nori F., RA Ohara O., Okazaki Y., Orlando V., Pang K.C., Pavan W.J., Pavesi G., RA Pesole G., Petrovsky N., Piazza S., Reed J., Reid J.F., Ring B.Z., RA Ringwald M., Rost B., Ruan Y., Salzberg S.L., Sandelin A., Schneider C., RA Schoenbach C., Sekiguchi K., Semple C.A., Seno S., Sessa L., Sheng Y., RA Shibata Y., Shimada H., Shimada K., Silva D., Sinclair B., Sperling S., RA Stupka E., Sugiura K., Sultana R., Takenaka Y., Taki K., Tammoja K., RA Tan S.L., Tang S., Taylor M.S., Tegner J., Teichmann S.A., Ueda H.R., RA van Nimwegen E., Verardo R., Wei C.L., Yagi K., Yamanishi H., RA Zabarovsky E., Zhu S., Zimmer A., Hide W., Bult C., Grimmond S.M., RA Teasdale R.D., Liu E.T., Brusic V., Quackenbush J., Wahlestedt C., RA Mattick J.S., Hume D.A., Kai C., Sasaki D., Tomaru Y., Fukuda S., RA Kanamori-Katayama M., Suzuki M., Aoki J., Arakawa T., Iida J., Imamura K., RA Itoh M., Kato T., Kawaji H., Kawagashira N., Kawashima T., Kojima M., RA Kondo S., Konno H., Nakano K., Ninomiya N., Nishio T., Okada M., Plessy C., RA Shibata K., Shiraki T., Suzuki S., Tagami M., Waki K., Watahiki A., RA Okamura-Oho Y., Suzuki H., Kawai J., Hayashizaki Y.; RT "The transcriptional landscape of the mammalian genome."; RL Science 309:1559-1563(2005). RN [3] RP IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]. RC TISSUE=Kidney, Lung, Pancreas, Spleen, and Testis; RX PubMed=21183079; DOI=10.1016/j.cell.2010.12.001; RA Huttlin E.L., Jedrychowski M.P., Elias J.E., Goswami T., Rad R., RA Beausoleil S.A., Villen J., Haas W., Sowa M.E., Gygi S.P.; RT "A tissue-specific atlas of mouse protein phosphorylation and expression."; RL Cell 143:1174-1189(2010). CC -!- FUNCTION: Catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from CC methylcob(III)alamin (MeCbl) to homocysteine, yielding enzyme-bound CC cob(I)alamin and methionine in the cytosol. MeCbl is an active form of CC cobalamin (vitamin B12) used as a cofactor for methionine biosynthesis. CC Cob(I)alamin form is regenerated to MeCbl by a transfer of a methyl CC group from 5-methyltetrahydrofolate. The processing of cobalamin in the CC cytosol occurs in a multiprotein complex composed of at least MMACHC, CC MMADHC, MTRR (methionine synthase reductase) and MTR which may CC contribute to shuttle safely and efficiently cobalamin towards MTR in CC order to produce methionine. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q99707}. CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: CC Reaction=(6S)-5-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + L-homocysteine = CC (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + L-methionine; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:11172, CC ChEBI:CHEBI:18608, ChEBI:CHEBI:57453, ChEBI:CHEBI:57844, CC ChEBI:CHEBI:58199; EC=2.1.1.13; CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9Z2Q4}; CC PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:11173; CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9Z2Q4}; CC -!- COFACTOR: CC Name=methylcob(III)alamin; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:28115; CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P13009}; CC -!- COFACTOR: CC Name=Zn(2+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:29105; CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P13009}; CC Note=Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P13009}; CC -!- PATHWAY: Amino-acid biosynthesis; L-methionine biosynthesis via de novo CC pathway; L-methionine from L-homocysteine (MetH route): step 1/1. CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9Z2Q4}. CC -!- SUBUNIT: Monomer. Dimer. Forms a multiprotein complex with MMACHC, CC MMADHC and MTRR. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q99707}. CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q99707}. CC -!- DOMAIN: Modular enzyme with four functionally distinct domains. The CC isolated Hcy-binding domain catalyzes methyl transfer from free CC methylcobalamin to homocysteine. The Hcy-binding domain in association CC with the pterin-binding domain catalyzes the methylation of CC cob(I)alamin by methyltetrahydrofolate and the methylation of CC homocysteine. The B12-binding domain binds the cofactor. The AdoMet CC activation domain binds S-adenosyl-L-methionine. Under aerobic CC conditions cob(I)alamin can be converted to inactive cob(II)alamin. CC Reductive methylation by S-adenosyl-L-methionine and flavodoxin CC regenerates methylcobalamin (By similarity). CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P13009}. CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the vitamin-B12 dependent methionine synthase CC family. {ECO:0000305}. CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CC Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms CC Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- DR EMBL; BC145683; AAI45684.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; BC145685; AAI45686.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; AK142258; BAE24997.1; -; mRNA. DR CCDS; CCDS36591.1; -. DR RefSeq; NP_001074597.1; NM_001081128.3. DR AlphaFoldDB; A6H5Y3; -. DR SMR; A6H5Y3; -. DR BioGRID; 231991; 5. DR IntAct; A6H5Y3; 1. DR MINT; A6H5Y3; -. DR STRING; 10090.ENSMUSP00000097442; -. DR ChEMBL; CHEMBL3188; -. DR iPTMnet; A6H5Y3; -. DR PhosphoSitePlus; A6H5Y3; -. DR SwissPalm; A6H5Y3; -. DR EPD; A6H5Y3; -. DR MaxQB; A6H5Y3; -. DR PaxDb; 10090-ENSMUSP00000097442; -. DR PeptideAtlas; A6H5Y3; -. DR ProteomicsDB; 252541; -. DR Pumba; A6H5Y3; -. DR Antibodypedia; 20817; 175 antibodies from 30 providers. DR Ensembl; ENSMUST00000099856.6; ENSMUSP00000097442.5; ENSMUSG00000021311.10. DR GeneID; 238505; -. DR KEGG; mmu:238505; -. DR UCSC; uc007plh.2; mouse. DR AGR; MGI:894292; -. DR CTD; 4548; -. DR MGI; MGI:894292; Mtr. DR VEuPathDB; HostDB:ENSMUSG00000021311; -. DR eggNOG; KOG1579; Eukaryota. DR GeneTree; ENSGT00420000029824; -. DR HOGENOM; CLU_004914_2_0_1; -. DR InParanoid; A6H5Y3; -. DR OMA; ADCIAMS; -. DR OrthoDB; 66796at2759; -. DR PhylomeDB; A6H5Y3; -. DR TreeFam; TF312829; -. DR Reactome; R-MMU-156581; Methylation. DR Reactome; R-MMU-1614635; Sulfur amino acid metabolism. DR Reactome; R-MMU-9013407; RHOH GTPase cycle. DR Reactome; R-MMU-9759218; Cobalamin (Cbl) metabolism. DR UniPathway; UPA00051; UER00081. DR BioGRID-ORCS; 238505; 18 hits in 79 CRISPR screens. DR ChiTaRS; Mtr; mouse. DR PRO; PR:A6H5Y3; -. DR Proteomes; UP000000589; Chromosome 13. DR RNAct; A6H5Y3; Protein. DR Bgee; ENSMUSG00000021311; Expressed in myocardium of ventricle and 227 other cell types or tissues. DR ExpressionAtlas; A6H5Y3; baseline and differential. DR GO; GO:0005829; C:cytosol; ISO:MGI. DR GO; GO:0016597; F:amino acid binding; ISO:MGI. DR GO; GO:0031419; F:cobalamin binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. DR GO; GO:0005542; F:folic acid binding; ISO:MGI. DR GO; GO:0008705; F:methionine synthase activity; IMP:MGI. DR GO; GO:0008168; F:methyltransferase activity; ISO:MGI. DR GO; GO:0008270; F:zinc ion binding; IEA:InterPro. DR GO; GO:0031103; P:axon regeneration; ISO:MGI. DR GO; GO:0071732; P:cellular response to nitric oxide; ISO:MGI. DR GO; GO:0009235; P:cobalamin metabolic process; IMP:MGI. DR GO; GO:0050667; P:homocysteine metabolic process; ISO:MGI. DR GO; GO:0009086; P:methionine biosynthetic process; IMP:MGI. DR GO; GO:0006555; P:methionine metabolic process; ISO:MGI. DR GO; GO:0032259; P:methylation; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. DR GO; GO:0048678; P:response to axon injury; ISO:MGI. DR GO; GO:0046653; P:tetrahydrofolate metabolic process; ISO:MGI. DR CDD; cd02069; methionine_synthase_B12_BD; 1. DR CDD; cd00740; MeTr; 1. DR Gene3D; 3.40.50.280; Cobalamin-binding domain; 1. DR Gene3D; 1.10.288.10; Cobalamin-dependent Methionine Synthase, domain 2; 1. DR Gene3D; 3.20.20.20; Dihydropteroate synthase-like; 1. DR Gene3D; 3.20.20.330; Homocysteine-binding-like domain; 1. DR Gene3D; 1.10.1240.10; Methionine synthase domain; 1. DR Gene3D; 3.10.196.10; Vitamin B12-dependent methionine synthase, activation domain; 1. DR InterPro; IPR003759; Cbl-bd_cap. DR InterPro; IPR006158; Cobalamin-bd. DR InterPro; IPR036724; Cobalamin-bd_sf. DR InterPro; IPR011005; Dihydropteroate_synth-like_sf. DR InterPro; IPR003726; HCY_dom. DR InterPro; IPR036589; HCY_dom_sf. DR InterPro; IPR033706; Met_synthase_B12-bd. DR InterPro; IPR011822; MetH. DR InterPro; IPR036594; Meth_synthase_dom. DR InterPro; IPR000489; Pterin-binding_dom. DR InterPro; IPR004223; VitB12-dep_Met_synth_activ_dom. DR InterPro; IPR037010; VitB12-dep_Met_synth_activ_sf. DR NCBIfam; TIGR02082; metH; 1. DR PANTHER; PTHR45833; METHIONINE SYNTHASE; 1. DR PANTHER; PTHR45833:SF1; METHIONINE SYNTHASE; 1. DR Pfam; PF02310; B12-binding; 1. DR Pfam; PF02607; B12-binding_2; 1. DR Pfam; PF02965; Met_synt_B12; 1. DR Pfam; PF00809; Pterin_bind; 1. DR Pfam; PF02574; S-methyl_trans; 1. DR PIRSF; PIRSF000381; MetH; 1. DR SMART; SM01018; B12-binding_2; 1. DR SUPFAM; SSF52242; Cobalamin (vitamin B12)-binding domain; 1. DR SUPFAM; SSF51717; Dihydropteroate synthetase-like; 1. DR SUPFAM; SSF82282; Homocysteine S-methyltransferase; 1. DR SUPFAM; SSF56507; Methionine synthase activation domain-like; 1. DR SUPFAM; SSF47644; Methionine synthase domain; 1. DR PROSITE; PS50974; ADOMET_ACTIVATION; 1. DR PROSITE; PS51332; B12_BINDING; 1. DR PROSITE; PS51337; B12_BINDING_NTER; 1. DR PROSITE; PS50970; HCY; 1. DR PROSITE; PS50972; PTERIN_BINDING; 1. DR Genevisible; A6H5Y3; MM. PE 1: Evidence at protein level; KW Amino-acid biosynthesis; Cobalamin; Cobalt; Cytoplasm; Metal-binding; KW Methionine biosynthesis; Methyltransferase; Phosphoprotein; KW Reference proteome; Repeat; S-adenosyl-L-methionine; Transferase; Zinc. FT CHAIN 1..1253 FT /note="Methionine synthase" FT /id="PRO_0000312901" FT DOMAIN 6..326 FT /note="Hcy-binding" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00333" FT DOMAIN 359..620 FT /note="Pterin-binding" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00334" FT DOMAIN 650..747 FT /note="B12-binding N-terminal" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00667" FT DOMAIN 760..895 FT /note="B12-binding" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00666" FT DOMAIN 911..1253 FT /note="AdoMet activation" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00346" FT BINDING 248 FT /ligand="Zn(2+)" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00333" FT BINDING 311 FT /ligand="Zn(2+)" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00333" FT BINDING 312 FT /ligand="Zn(2+)" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00333" FT BINDING 370..372 FT /ligand="(6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57453" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q99707" FT BINDING 437 FT /ligand="(6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57453" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q99707" FT BINDING 458 FT /ligand="(6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57453" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q99707" FT BINDING 525 FT /ligand="(6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57453" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q99707" FT BINDING 567 FT /ligand="(6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57453" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q99707" FT BINDING 573 FT /ligand="(6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57453" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q99707" FT BINDING 579 FT /ligand="(6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57453" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q99707" FT BINDING 697 FT /ligand="methylcob(III)alamin" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:28115" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P13009" FT BINDING 770..774 FT /ligand="methylcob(III)alamin" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:28115" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P13009" FT BINDING 773 FT /ligand="methylcob(III)alamin" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:28115" FT /ligand_part="Co" FT /ligand_part_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:27638" FT /note="axial binding residue" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P13009" FT BINDING 818 FT /ligand="methylcob(III)alamin" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:28115" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P13009" FT BINDING 822 FT /ligand="methylcob(III)alamin" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:28115" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P13009" FT BINDING 874 FT /ligand="methylcob(III)alamin" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:28115" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P13009" FT BINDING 962 FT /ligand="S-adenosyl-L-methionine" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:59789" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P13009" FT BINDING 1160 FT /ligand="S-adenosyl-L-methionine" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:59789" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P13009" FT BINDING 1215..1216 FT /ligand="S-adenosyl-L-methionine" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:59789" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P13009" FT MOD_RES 1252 FT /note="Phosphothreonine" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9Z2Q4" FT CONFLICT 343 FT /note="M -> L (in Ref. 2; BAE24997)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" SQ SEQUENCE 1253 AA; 139069 MW; 5507CAD9F9522537 CRC64; MKKTLQDEIE AILRKRIMVL DGGMGTMIQR YKLSEEHFQG QEFKDHSRPL KGNNDILSIT QPDIIYQIHK EYLLAGADII ETNTFSSTSI AQADYGLEHL AYRMNKCSAD VARKAAEEIT LQTGVKRFVA GALGPTNKTL SVSPSVERPD YRNITFDELV DAYQEQAKGL LDGRVDILLI ETIFDTANAK AALFAIQNLF EENYAPPRPI FISGTIVDKS GRTLSGQTGE AFVTSVSHSD PLCIGLNCSL GAAEMRPFIE TIGKCTTAYV LCYPNAGLPN TFGDYDETPS TMATHLKDFA VDGLVNIVGG CCGSTPDHIR EIAEAVKKCK PRVPPASVFE GHMLLSGLEP FRIGPYTNFV NIGERCNVAG SRKFAKLIMA GNYEEALSIA KAQVEMGAQV LDINMDDGML DGPSAMTRFC NSIASEPDIA KVPLCIDSSN FAVIEAGLKC CQGKCIVNSI SLKEGEGDFL EKARKIKKFG AAVVVMAFDE EGQATETDVK VNVCTRAYHL LVDKVGFNPN DIIFDPNILT IGTGMEEHNL YAINFIHATR VIKETLPGVR ISGGLSNLSF SFRGMEAIRE AMHGVFLYHA IKFGMDMGIV NAGNLPVYDA IHKDLLQLCE DLIWNKDSEA TEKLLRYAQT HGTGGKKVIQ TDEWRNGSIE ERLEYALVKG IEKHIVEDTE EARLNGEKYP RPLNIIEGPL MNGMKVVGDL FGAGKMFLPQ VIKSARVMKK AVGHLIPFME KEREEARLIN GSVEEEDPYQ GTIVLATVKG DVHDIGKNIV GVVLACNNFR VIDLGVMTPC DKILQAALDH KADIIGLSGL ITPSLDEMIF VAKEMERLAI KIPLLIGGAT TSRTHTAVKI APRYSAPVIH VLDASKSVVV CSQLLDENLR DDYFEEILEE YEDIRQDHYE SLKERKYVPL SQARKHGFHI DWLSEPHPVK PTFIGTQVFE DYNLQKLVDY IDWKPFFDVW QLRGKYPNRG FPKIFNDKAV GEEARKVYND AQNMLNILIS QKKLQARGVV GFWPAQSVQD DIHLYAEGVV PQAAEPIATF YGLRQQAEKD SSSTDPYHCL SDFIAPLHSG VCDYLGLFAV ACFGVEELSK TYEDDGDDYS SIMVKALGDR LAEAFAEELH ERVRRELWAY SRSEQLGVPD LRRLRYEGIR PAPGYPSQPD HTEKLTMWRL ASIEQATGIR LTESLAMAPA SAVSGLYFSN VKAKYFAVGK ISKDQTEDYA LRKNMPVAEV EKWLGPILGY DTD //