ID IL21_RAT Reviewed; 146 AA. AC A3QPB9; DT 15-JAN-2008, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot. DT 03-APR-2007, sequence version 1. DT 27-MAR-2024, entry version 97. DE RecName: Full=Interleukin-21; DE Short=IL-21; DE Flags: Precursor; GN Name=Il21; OS Rattus norvegicus (Rat). OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; OC Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; OC Murinae; Rattus. OX NCBI_TaxID=10116; RN [1] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. RC STRAIN=Sprague-Dawley; RA Wu P.W.; RL Submitted (FEB-2006) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. CC -!- FUNCTION: Cytokine with immunoregulatory activity. May promote the CC transition between innate and adaptive immunity. Induces the production CC of IgG(1) and IgG(3) in B-cells. Implicated in the generation and CC maintenance of T follicular helper (Tfh) cells and the formation of CC germinal-centers. Together with IL6, control the early generation of CC Tfh cells and are critical for an effective antibody response to acute CC viral infection (By similarity). May play a role in proliferation and CC maturation of natural killer (NK) cells in synergy with IL15. May CC regulate proliferation of mature B- and T-cells in response to CC activating stimuli. In synergy with IL15 and IL18 stimulates interferon CC gamma production in T-cells and NK cells (By similarity). During T-cell CC mediated immune response may inhibit dendritic cells (DC) activation CC and maturation (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9ES17, CC ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9HBE4}. CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9HBE4}. CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the IL-15/IL-21 family. {ECO:0000305}. CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CC Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms CC Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- DR EMBL; DQ387062; ABD52001.1; -; mRNA. DR RefSeq; NP_001102413.1; NM_001108943.2. DR AlphaFoldDB; A3QPB9; -. DR SMR; A3QPB9; -. DR STRING; 10116.ENSRNOP00000023348; -. DR GlyCosmos; A3QPB9; 1 site, No reported glycans. DR GlyGen; A3QPB9; 1 site. DR PhosphoSitePlus; A3QPB9; -. DR PaxDb; 10116-ENSRNOP00000023348; -. DR Ensembl; ENSRNOT00000110753.1; ENSRNOP00000097142.1; ENSRNOG00000017376.5. DR Ensembl; ENSRNOT00055003505; ENSRNOP00055002612; ENSRNOG00055002203. DR Ensembl; ENSRNOT00060011200; ENSRNOP00060008365; ENSRNOG00060006837. DR Ensembl; ENSRNOT00065013873; ENSRNOP00065010320; ENSRNOG00065008720. DR GeneID; 365769; -. DR KEGG; rno:365769; -. DR UCSC; RGD:1307384; rat. DR AGR; RGD:1307384; -. DR CTD; 59067; -. DR RGD; 1307384; Il21. DR eggNOG; ENOG502SES1; Eukaryota. DR GeneTree; ENSGT00390000010494; -. DR HOGENOM; CLU_127182_1_0_1; -. DR InParanoid; A3QPB9; -. DR OrthoDB; 4440444at2759; -. DR PhylomeDB; A3QPB9; -. DR TreeFam; TF336380; -. DR Reactome; R-RNO-9020958; Interleukin-21 signaling. DR PRO; PR:A3QPB9; -. DR Proteomes; UP000002494; Chromosome 2. DR Bgee; ENSRNOG00000017376; Expressed in cerebellum and 5 other cell types or tissues. DR GO; GO:0005615; C:extracellular space; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. DR GO; GO:0005125; F:cytokine activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. DR GO; GO:0005126; F:cytokine receptor binding; ISO:RGD. DR GO; GO:0005134; F:interleukin-2 receptor binding; ISO:RGD. DR GO; GO:0048469; P:cell maturation; ISO:RGD. DR GO; GO:0098586; P:cellular response to virus; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0002314; P:germinal center B cell differentiation; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0001779; P:natural killer cell differentiation; ISO:RGD. DR GO; GO:0042267; P:natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity; ISO:RGD. DR GO; GO:0030890; P:positive regulation of B cell proliferation; ISO:RGD. DR GO; GO:0008284; P:positive regulation of cell population proliferation; ISO:RGD. DR GO; GO:0001819; P:positive regulation of cytokine production; ISO:RGD. DR GO; GO:0002639; P:positive regulation of immunoglobulin production; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0032733; P:positive regulation of interleukin-10 production; ISO:RGD. DR GO; GO:0032740; P:positive regulation of interleukin-17 production; ISO:RGD. DR GO; GO:0002729; P:positive regulation of natural killer cell cytokine production; ISO:RGD. DR GO; GO:0032825; P:positive regulation of natural killer cell differentiation; ISO:RGD. DR GO; GO:0045954; P:positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity; ISO:RGD. DR GO; GO:0042102; P:positive regulation of T cell proliferation; ISO:RGD. DR GO; GO:0032729; P:positive regulation of type II interferon production; ISO:RGD. DR GO; GO:0042531; P:positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein; ISO:RGD. DR GO; GO:1990784; P:response to dsDNA; IEP:RGD. DR GO; GO:0061470; P:T follicular helper cell differentiation; ISS:UniProtKB. DR Gene3D; 1.20.1250.70; Interleukin-15/Interleukin-21; 1. DR InterPro; IPR009079; 4_helix_cytokine-like_core. DR InterPro; IPR003443; IL-15/IL-21_fam. DR PANTHER; PTHR14356; INTERLEUKIN-15-RELATED; 1. DR PANTHER; PTHR14356:SF2; INTERLEUKIN-21; 1. DR SUPFAM; SSF47266; 4-helical cytokines; 1. PE 2: Evidence at transcript level; KW Cytokine; Disulfide bond; Glycoprotein; Reference proteome; Secreted; KW Signal. FT SIGNAL 1..17 FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q76LU5" FT CHAIN 18..146 FT /note="Interleukin-21" FT /id="PRO_0000313746" FT CARBOHYD 85 FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT DISULFID 64..115 FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9HBE4" FT DISULFID 71..118 FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9HBE4" SQ SEQUENCE 146 AA; 17065 MW; 48F80086BC2557B9 CRC64; MERTLVCLIL IFLGTVAHKS SPQRPDHLLI RLRHLMDIVE QLKIYENDLD PELLTAPQDV KGQCEHEAFA CFQKAKLKPS NTGNNKTFIN DLLAQLRRRL PAKRTGNKQR HMAKCPSCDL YEKKTPKEFL ERLKWLLQKM IHQHLS //