ID GHRL_PAPHA Reviewed; 117 AA. AC A0MLS4; DT 06-MAR-2007, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot. DT 12-DEC-2006, sequence version 1. DT 22-FEB-2023, entry version 42. DE RecName: Full=Appetite-regulating hormone; DE AltName: Full=Growth hormone secretagogue; DE AltName: Full=Growth hormone-releasing peptide; DE AltName: Full=Motilin-related peptide; DE Contains: DE RecName: Full=Ghrelin; DE Contains: DE RecName: Full=Obestatin; DE Flags: Precursor; GN Name=GHRL; OS Papio hamadryas (Hamadryas baboon). OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; OC Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; OC Cercopithecidae; Cercopithecinae; Papio. OX NCBI_TaxID=9557; RN [1] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. RA Voruganti V.S., Tejero M.E., Proffitt J.M., Cole S.A., RA Freeland-Graves J.H., Comuzzie A.G.; RT "Quantitative genetic analysis and characterization of ghrelin in RT baboons."; RL Submitted (SEP-2006) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. CC -!- FUNCTION: [Ghrelin]: Ghrelin is the ligand for growth hormone CC secretagogue receptor type 1 (GHSR). Induces the release of growth CC hormone from the pituitary. Has an appetite-stimulating effect, induces CC adiposity and stimulates gastric acid secretion. Involved in growth CC regulation (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}. CC -!- FUNCTION: [Obestatin]: Obestatin may be the ligand for GPR39. May have CC an appetite-reducing effect resulting in decreased food intake. May CC reduce gastric emptying activity and jejunal motility (By similarity). CC {ECO:0000250}. CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted {ECO:0000250}. CC -!- PTM: O-octanoylated by GOAT/MBOAT4 (By similarity). O-octanoylation is CC essential for ghrelin activity. {ECO:0000250, CC ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9EQX0}. CC -!- PTM: Amidation of Leu-98 is essential for obestatin activity. CC {ECO:0000250}. CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the motilin family. {ECO:0000305}. CC -!- WEB RESOURCE: Name=Protein Spotlight; Note=Gut feelings - Issue 66 of CC January 2006; CC URL="https://web.expasy.org/spotlight/back_issues/066"; CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CC Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms CC Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- DR EMBL; DQ987858; ABJ91203.1; -; mRNA. DR AlphaFoldDB; A0MLS4; -. DR BMRB; A0MLS4; -. DR SMR; A0MLS4; -. DR GO; GO:0030424; C:axon; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0005576; C:extracellular region; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0005615; C:extracellular space; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0031768; F:ghrelin receptor binding; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0016608; F:growth hormone-releasing hormone activity; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0005179; F:hormone activity; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0030296; F:protein tyrosine kinase activator activity; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0008154; P:actin polymerization or depolymerization; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0046697; P:decidualization; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0016358; P:dendrite development; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0043066; P:negative regulation of apoptotic process; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0001937; P:negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0050728; P:negative regulation of inflammatory response; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0046676; P:negative regulation of insulin secretion; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0032691; P:negative regulation of interleukin-1 beta production; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0032715; P:negative regulation of interleukin-6 production; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0032720; P:negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0007204; P:positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0032024; P:positive regulation of insulin secretion; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0043410; P:positive regulation of MAPK cascade; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0032097; P:positive regulation of response to food; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0051965; P:positive regulation of synapse assembly; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0042127; P:regulation of cell population proliferation; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0032095; P:regulation of response to food; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0043627; P:response to estrogen; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0009725; P:response to hormone; ISS:UniProtKB. DR InterPro; IPR006737; Motilin_assoc. DR InterPro; IPR006738; Motilin_ghrelin. DR InterPro; IPR005441; Preproghrelin. DR PANTHER; PTHR14122:SF1; APPETITE-REGULATING HORMONE; 1. DR PANTHER; PTHR14122; GHRELIN PRECURSOR; 1. DR Pfam; PF04643; Motilin_assoc; 1. DR Pfam; PF04644; Motilin_ghrelin; 1. DR PRINTS; PR01624; GHRELIN. PE 3: Inferred from homology; KW Amidation; Hormone; Lipoprotein; Secreted; Signal. FT SIGNAL 1..23 FT /evidence="ECO:0000250" FT PEPTIDE 24..51 FT /note="Ghrelin" FT /id="PRO_0000278843" FT PROPEP 52..75 FT /note="Removed in mature form" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250" FT /id="PRO_0000278844" FT PEPTIDE 76..98 FT /note="Obestatin" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250" FT /id="PRO_0000278845" FT PROPEP 99..117 FT /note="Removed in mature form" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250" FT /id="PRO_0000278846" FT REGION 29..67 FT /note="Disordered" FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite" FT MOD_RES 98 FT /note="Leucine amide" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250" FT LIPID 26 FT /note="O-decanoyl serine; alternate" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9EQX0" FT LIPID 26 FT /note="O-hexanoyl serine; alternate" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9EQX0" FT LIPID 26 FT /note="O-octanoyl serine; alternate" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9EQX0" SQ SEQUENCE 117 AA; 12913 MW; 1B634ACE1E1F19FF CRC64; MPSPGTVCSL LLLGMLWLDL AMAGSSFLSP EHQRAQQRKE SKKPPAKLQP RALGGWLRPE DGDQAEGAED ELEIQFNAPF DVGIKLSGVQ YQQHSQALGK FLQDILWEEA KEAPADK //