Keyword
Peptidoglycan synthesis
| Definition | Protein involved in the synthesis of peptidoglycan which consists of a glycosaminoglycan formed by alternating residues of D-glucosamine and either muramic acid {2-amino-3-O-[(R)-1-carboxyethyl]-2-deoxy-D-glucose} or L-talosaminuronic acid (2-amino-2-deoxy-L-taluronic acid), which are usually N-acetylated or N-glycoloylated. The carboxyl group of the muramic acid is commonly substituted by a peptide containing residues of both L- and D-amino acids, whereas that of L-talosaminuronic acid is substituted by a peptide consisting of L-amino acids only. These peptide units may be cross-linked by a peptide bond, thereby giving rise to a giant macromolecule that forms the rigid cell wall (sacculus or murein sacculus). This macromolecule is known to occur as a monomolecular layer between the inner and outer membrane in Gram-negative bacteria and as a multimolecular layer, often associated covalently or non-covalently with various additional compounds (teichoic acids, neutral polysaccharides. etc.) in Gram-positive bacteria. In the archaebacteria, several organisms contain a peptidoglycan, also called pseudomurein, which differs in certain respects from those of the eubacteria. |
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| Synonyms |
Peptidoglycan biosynthesis
Peptidoglycan anabolism
Peptidoglycan biosynthetic process
Peptidoglycan formation
Murein biosynthesis
Murein synthesis
Murein anabolism
Murein biosynthetic process
Murein formation
Pseudomurein biosynthesis
Pseudomurein synthesis
Pseudomurein anabolism
Pseudomurein biosynthetic process
Pseudomurein formation
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| Category |
› Biological process
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| GO | › peptidoglycan biosynthetic process [ GO:0009252 ]
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| Graphical | 
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