Protein involved in the formation and maintenance of the cell shape, the physical dimensions of a cell. In most plants, algae, bacteria and fungi the cell wall is responsible for the shape of the cells.

Category: Biological process · UniProtKB (95,626)

Protein found in or associated with a complex and rigid layer surrounding the cell. Cell walls are found in bacteria, archaea, fungi, plants, and algae. The cell wall is surrounded by the outer membrane in gram-negative bacteria, and envelopes the inner or plasma membrane in gram-negative, gram-positive and acid-fast bacteria. Cell walls of bacteria contain peptidoglycan whereas those of archaea do not. Some archaea may contain pseudopeptidoglycan, which is composed of N-acetyltalosaminuronic acid, instead of N-acetyl muramic acid in peptidoglycan. The plant cell wall is made of fibrils of cellulose embedded in a matrix of several other kinds of polymers such as pectin and lignin. Algal cell walls are usually composed of cellulose, glycoproteins, sporopollenin, calcium and various polysaccharides such as manosyl, xylanes, alginic acid. Diatom cell walls (or frustules) contain silica. The cell wall plays a role in cell shape, cell stability and development, and protection against environmental dangers.

Category: Cellular component · UniProtKB (12,498)

Protein which is involved in the formation, organization, maintenance or degradation of the cell wall. The cell wall is an extracellular layer outside the cell membrane which protects the cell against mechanical damage, osmotic strength and which determines the cell shape. It is prominent in most plants, algae, bacteria and fungi.

Category: Biological process · UniProtKB (90,975)